Prevalence, Incidence, and Progression of Myopia of School Children in Hong Kong

Fan, Dorothy S. P.; Lam, Dennis S.C.; Lam, Robert F.; Lau, Joseph T. F.; Chong, K. S.; Cheung, Eva Y. Y.; Lai, Robin Kit-Ho; Chew, Sek-Jin

doi:10.1167/iovs.03-1151

Cited by 376 publications

(356 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…7 The shortening of axial length with age can be explained by a cohort effect, especially in East Asian populations, where myopia prevalence rates of over 32% in children of age 5 À 15 years have been reported. [18][19][20] Factors such as increasing urbanization and more intensive nearwork demands have been thought to contribute to the high myopia rates in younger age groups. However, it is also possible that the changes occur as a result of longitudinal changes due to aging.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive errors in a rural Korean adult population: the Namil Study

Yoo

Kim

Park

et al. 2013

Eye

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Purpose To assess the prevalence of refractive errors, including myopia, high myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia, in rural adult Koreans. Methods We identified 2027 residents aged 40 years or older in Namil-myeon, a rural town in central South Korea. Of 1928 eligible residents, 1532 subjects (79.5%) participated. Each subject underwent screening examinations including autorefractometry, corneal curvature measurement, and best-corrected visual acuity. Results Data from 1215 phakic right eyes were analyzed. The prevalence of myopia (spherical equivalent (SE) o À 0.5 diopters (D)) was 20.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 18.2 À 22.8%), of high myopia (SE o À 6.0 D) was 1.0% (95% CI: 0.4 À 1.5%), of hyperopia (SE4 þ 0.5 D) was 41.8% (95% CI: 38.9 À 44.4%), of astigmatism (cylinder o À 0.5 D) was 63.7% (95% CI: 61.0 À 66.4%), and of anisometropia (difference in SE between eyes 41.0 D) was 13.8% (95% CI: 11.9 À 15.8%). Myopia prevalence decreased with age and tended to transition into hyperopia with age up to 60 À 69 years. In subjects older than this, the trend in SE refractive errors reversed with age. The prevalence of astigmatism and anisometropia increased consistently with age. The refractive status was not significantly different between males and females. Conclusions The prevalence of myopia and hyperopia in rural adult Koreans was similar to that of rural Chinese. The prevalence of high myopia was lower in this Korean sample than in other East Asian populations, and astigmatism was the most frequently occurring refractive error.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive errors in a rural Korean adult population: the Namil Study

Yoo

Kim

Park

et al. 2013

Eye

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“…Ro, and myopia prevalence. This allows quantifying the inter-generational correlation factors from father to sons and daughters, mother to sons and daughters, for four groups: [1] All subjects, [2] myopes, [3] high myopes, and [4] emmetropes and hyperopes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Undoubtedly, part of the explanation is inherited factors, part is environmental factors. The prevalence of myopia in the United States is estimated at 25-42 % [1], as high as 50-60 % in some of the Asian countries [2,3]. Although an optical impairment, myopia is fairly harmless with less than 6-7 diopters, but at higher levels, can result in staphyloma, detached retina, glaucoma, detached choroid or vitreous, macular problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refraction data survey: 2nd generation correlation of myopia

Greene¹,

Medina

2016

Int Ophthalmol

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The objective herein is to provide refraction data, myopia progression rate, prevalence, and 1st and 2nd generation correlations, relevant to whether myopia is random or inherited. First-and secondgeneration ocular refraction data are assembled from N = 34 families, average of 2.8 children per family. From this group, data are available from N = 165 subjects. Inter-generation regressions are performed on all the data sets, including correlation coefficient r, and myopia prevalence [%]. Prevalence of myopia is

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“…Environmental factors may play important role in the development or progression of myopia. 4,5 This high-prevalence rate of high myopia and its complications strike us to make more close observation in this high educational group.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes of the ocular refraction among freshmen in National Taiwan University between 1988 and 2005

Wang

Chiang

Wang

et al. 2008

Eye

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Purpose The prevalence of myopia in Taiwan has been reported to be increasing in the sequential nationwide survey. The results of our studies demonstrated that the prevalence of myopia, especially high myopia increased among the freshmen in National Taiwan University. These findings may be explained by two possible reasons. First, we found the age of onset of myopia decreased from 12 years in 1983 to 8 years in 2000 in our previous nationwide survey. 1 Second, myopia is influenced

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Prevalence, Incidence, and Progression of Myopia of School Children in Hong Kong

Abstract: The results show that the prevalence and progression of myopia in Hong Kong children was much higher than those previously reported in Western countries. The long-term socioeconomic impact of these findings warrants further studies.

Cited by 376 publications

References 19 publications

Refractive errors in a rural Korean adult population: the Namil Study

Refractive errors in a rural Korean adult population: the Namil Study

Refraction data survey: 2nd generation correlation of myopia

Changes of the ocular refraction among freshmen in National Taiwan University between 1988 and 2005

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