Prevalence, incidence, and mortality of PD

Chen, R. C.; Chang, Shine; Su, Ching-Hua; Chen, T. H. H.; Yen, Ming Fang; Wu, Hui‐Chen; Chen, Z. Y.; Liou, Horng Huei

doi:10.1212/wnl.57.9.1679

Cited by 137 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Several studies reported lower prevalence of PD in Africa [21,40,[71][72][73], Asia [32,46,62,[65][66][67]74] and South America [63,64] compared to Europe [16,17,19,22,25,58,60,61,75]. To facilitate comparison among 25 studies conducted in different countries, Zhang et al [76] calculated age-standardized prevalence proportions using the US population in 1970 as the standard.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies performed after the late 1960s -when treatment with l-dopa was introduced -reporting mortality of patients with PD compared to that of persons without the disease are summarized in Table 3 [32,41,[87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102]. These studies quite consistently reported about a two-fold increased mortality rate among patients with PD than in the general population, although the range was between 1.3 and 5.7.…”

Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson’s disease: a review of the evidence

et al. 2011

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Section: Diagnosis Of Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson’s disease: a review of the evidence

et al. 2011

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“…MOHAMED SALAMA 1,2 , MAHMOUD SOBH 1 , MAHMOUD EMAM 1 , AHMED ABDALLA 1 , protein handling. PD is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease (3).…”

Section: Effect Of Intranasal Stem Cell Administration On the Nigrostmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported incidence rates of PD vary largely. The lowest PD incidence was reported to be 4.5/1,000000 in Libya, while the highest incidence was reported in the USA at 20/1,000000 (1). The early symptoms of PD include slowness of movement, rigidity, shaking and walking difficulties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of intranasal stem cell administration on the nigrostriatal system in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease

Salama

Sobh

Emam

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. It affects the locomotor system, leading to a final severe disability through degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Despite several therapeutic approaches used, no treatment has been proven to be effective; however, cell therapy may be a promising therapeutic method. In addition, the use of the intranasal (IN) route has been advocated for delivering various therapies to the brain. In the present study, the IN route was used for administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a mouse model of PD, with the aim to evaluate IN delivery as an alternative route for cell based therapy administration in PD. The PD model was developed in C57BL/6 mice using intraperitoneal rotenone administration for 60 consecutive days. MSCs were isolated from the mononuclear cell fraction of pooled bone marrow from C57BL/6 mice and incubated with micrometer-sized iron oxide (MPIO) particles. For IN administration, we used a 20 µl of 5x10 5 cell suspension. Neurobehavioral assessment of the mice was performed, and after sacrifice, brain sections were stained with Prussian blue to detect the MPIO-labeled MSCs. In addition, immunohistochemical evaluation was conducted to detect tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) antibodies in the corpus striatum and dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The neurobehavioral assessment revealed progressive deterioration in the locomotor functions of the rotenone group, which was improved following MSC administration. Histopathological evaluation of brain sections in the rotenone+MSC group revealed successful delivery of MSCs, evidenced by positive Prussian blue staining. Furthermore, rotenone treatment led to significant decrease in dopaminergic neuron number in SNpc, as well as similar decrease in the corpus striatum fiber density. By contrast, in animals receiving IN administration of MSCs, the degeneration caused by rotenone treatment was significantly counteracted. In conclusion, the present study validated that IN delivery of MSCs may be a potential safe, easy and cheap alternative route for stem cell treatment in neurodegenerative disorders.

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Parkin Mutations and Early-Onset Parkinsonism in a Taiwanese Cohort

Bounds²,

Lincoln³

et al. 2005

Arch Neurol

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Background: Loss of function of the parkin gene (PRKN) is the predominant genetic cause of juvenile and earlyonset parkinsonism in Japan, Europe, and the United States. Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of PRKN mutations in Taiwanese (ethnic Chinese) patients with earlyonset parkinsonism and to explore genotypephenotype correlations. Design: Clinical assessment included medical, neurologic, and psychiatric evaluation. Genomic DNA sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to identify PRKN mutations. Gene expression was examined in patient lymphoblastoid cell lines, in which PRKN mutations were identified. Patients: Forty-one Taiwanese patients with earlyonset parkinsonism (aged Ͻ50 years at onset). Results: Four of 41 probands had PRKN mutations. One proband had compound heterozygous mutations, with a PRKN exon 2 deletion and an exon 7 G284R substitution. The phenotype resembled typical Parkinson disease. Three patients were mutation carriers. One proband had PRKN exon 2 and exon 3 deletions in the same allele. However, this patient's phenotype was that of classic "parkin-proven" autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism, characterized by symmetrical foot dystonia at onset, gait disturbance, diurnal change, and very slow progression. The 2 remaining carriers had novel heterozygous exon 11 R396G substitutions. Patients with PRKN mutations were younger at onset than those without mutations, and they required a lower dose of levodopa despite longer disease duration. Conclusions: Mutations in PRKN are a rare cause of earlyonset parkinsonism in Taiwanese individuals. The overall mutation frequency, adjusted for age at onset, was comparable with that reported for white cohorts; however, the point mutations identified seem to be population specific.

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Prevalence, incidence, and mortality of PD

Abstract: The prevalence and incidence rates of PD in Taiwan were much higher than those reported in China, but closer to those in Western countries. These results suggest that environmental factors may be more important than racial factors in the pathogenesis of PD.

Cited by 137 publications

References 36 publications

Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson’s disease: a review of the evidence

Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson’s disease: a review of the evidence

Effect of intranasal stem cell administration on the nigrostriatal system in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease

Parkin Mutations and Early-Onset Parkinsonism in a Taiwanese Cohort

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