Prevalence, genotype and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium difficile isolates from healthy pets in Eastern China

Wei, Yijun; Sun, Mingchuang; Zhang, Yuhan; Gao, Jing; Kong, Fanyun; Liu, Dianbin; Yu, Hao; Du, Jinjuan; Tang, Renxian

doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3678-z

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…The presence of C. difficile was relatively common in the samples evaluated. Furthermore, the proportion of C. difficile-positive samples detected in Cohort 1 is slightly higher in comparison to previous studies of its prevalence in healthy (14%) and diarrheic dogs (16%) [41,42]. However, in our healthy control cohort, the prevalence was only 8% and was associated with subclinical dysbiosis.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of Clostridioides difficile in Canine Feces and Its Association with Intestinal Dysbiosis

Werner,

Ishii,

Pilla

et al. 2023

Animals

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The role of Clostridioides (C.) difficile as an enteropathogen in dogs is controversial. In humans, intestinal bile acid-dysmetabolism is associated with C. difficile prevalence. The relationship between fecal qPCR-based dysbiosis index (DI) and especially the abundance of bile acid-converting Clostridium hiranonis with the presence of C. difficile in dogs was explored across the following 4 cohorts: 358 fecal samples submitted for routine diagnostic work-up, 33 dogs with chronic enteropathy, 14 dogs with acute diarrhea, and 116 healthy dogs. Dogs that tested positive for C. difficile had significantly higher DI (median, 4.4 (range from 0.4 to 8.6)) and lower C. hiranonis (median, 0.1 (range from 0.0 to 7.5) logDNA/g) than dogs that tested negative for C. difficile (median DI, −1 (range from −7.2 to 8.9); median C. hiranonis abundance, 6.2 (range from 0.1 to 7.5) logDNA/g; p < 0.0001, respectively). In 33 dogs with CE and 14 dogs with acute diarrhea, the treatment response did not differ between C. difficile-positive and -negative dogs. In the group of clinically healthy dogs, 9/116 tested positive for C. difficile, and 6/9 of these had also an abnormal DI. In conclusion, C. difficile is strongly linked to intestinal dysbiosis and lower C. hiranonis levels in dogs, but its presence does not necessitate targeted treatment.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of Clostridioides difficile in Canine Feces and Its Association with Intestinal Dysbiosis

Werner,

Ishii,

Pilla

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…difficile isolation rates in companion dogs and cats in Lanzhou city of China were 10.3% and 8.1%, respectively. The isolation rates were higher than those reported recently in China by Wei et al (dogs 0.7% and cats 7%) (41). The CDI positive rates of dogs and cats from hospital A were significantly higher than other four hospitals (P < 0.01).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Isolation, molecular typing and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium difficile in dogs and cats in Lanzhou city of Northwest China

Wen

Li²,

Qin³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in human and animals belonged usually to antibiotic-associated diarrhea, ranging in severity from mild to life-threatening intestinal tract illnesses. This study aimed to isolation and characterization, toxin genes test, molecular typing, and drug sensitivity of Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) which were isolated from clinical diseased dogs and cats. A total of 247 clinical samples were collected from five animal hospitals in Lanzhou City of Northwest China, of which dogs and cats accounted for 74.9% (185/247) and 25.1% (62/247), respectively. We successfully identified 24 C. difficile strains by 16S rRNA and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Fight Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS). 10.3% (19/185) of dogs and 8.1% (5/62) of cats were positive for C. difficile. Among them, 16 strains were toxic and 8 were non-toxic, with a toxic rate of 57.9% (11/19) in dogs and 100% (5/5) in cats. A total of 10 STs and 10 RTs were identified in this study. The percentages of ST42 (RT106) and ST2 (RT014/LW01) among 16 toxic strains were 41.7 and 12.5%, respectively. However, ST3 (RT001), ST1 (RT027), ST133 (LW04), and ST-UN (LW04) had only one strain. ST42 (RT106) was the most common genotype and RT027 strain was first isolated in China from pets. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that isolates were extremely sensitive to vancomycin and metronidazole but were resistant to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. The drug resistant rates to clindamycin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and meropenem were 62.5, 20.8, 16.7, and 8.3%, respectively. In conclusion, C. difficile was quietly prevalent in dogs and cats in Lanzhou city with RT106 and RT014 as the main ribotypes. The CDI in pets should be paying more attention and further studies are needed.

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“…Regardless of its role (or lack thereof) in disease in dogs, C. difficile can be found in a small percentage of healthy individuals. Prevalences of 0–6% tend to be reported in healthy adult dogs, 82,83,102,116,130,139,144 but higher rates have also been identified (e.g., 17%). 129 Specific groups from which higher rates of shedding have been identified include hospitalized dogs (19–22%), 35,130 veterinary hospital outpatients (14–33%), 60,130,133 dogs that visit human healthcare facilities (41–58%), 83,84 and racing sled dogs (58%).…”

Section: Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium(Clostridioides)difficilein animals

Weese

2020

J VET Diagn Invest

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Clostridium ( Clostridioides) difficile is a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that is an important cause of disease in people, a variably important cause of disease in some animal species, and an apparently harmless commensal in others. Regardless of whether it is a known pathogen in a particular species, it can also be found in healthy individuals, sometimes at high prevalences and typically with higher rates of carriage in young individuals. As it is investigated in more animal species, it is apparent that this bacterium is widely disseminated in a diverse range of domestic and wild animal species. Although it can be found in most species in which investigations have been performed, there are pronounced intra- and inter-species differences in prevalence and clinical relevance. A wide range of strains can be identified, some that appear to be animal associated and others that are found in humans and animals. A large percentage of strains that cause disease in people can at least sporadically be found in animals. It is a potentially important zoonotic pathogen, but there is limited direct evidence of animal–human transmission. Although C. difficile has been studied extensively over the past few decades, it remains an enigmatic organism in many ways.

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Prevalence, genotype and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium difficile isolates from healthy pets in Eastern China

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Prevalence of Clostridioides difficile in Canine Feces and Its Association with Intestinal Dysbiosis

Prevalence of Clostridioides difficile in Canine Feces and Its Association with Intestinal Dysbiosis

Isolation, molecular typing and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium difficile in dogs and cats in Lanzhou city of Northwest China

Clostridium(Clostridioides)difficilein animals

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