Prevalence, frequency, intensity, and location of cigarette use among adolescents in China from 2013–14 to 2019: Findings from two repeated cross-sectional studies

Zhao, Yan; Di, Xinbo; Li, Sixuan; Zeng, Xinying; Yan, Nan; Xiao, Lin; Koplan, Jeffrey P.; Liu, Shiwei

doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100549

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In line with a previous study ( 13 ), more than 95% (439/447) of smokers were male in our study, whereas only 2% (8/325) of females were smokers. The sex difference in smoking is consistent with smoking prevalence in China ( 5 , 14 ): men must stop using tobacco.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Currently, evidence of the impact of smoking on TB is growing ( 2 – 4 ). China, which has a high TB burden, also ranks among the top countries in the world in the number of smokers, particularly among adolescents ( 5 ). It has been estimated that if 80% coverage by the WHO-recommended strategy for TB control (directly observed treatment, short-course chemotherapy, or DOTS) is sustained, complete smoking cessation and complete elimination of solid fuel use by 2033 would reduce the projected annual TB incidence by 14–52% ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of smoking on the severity and transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis: A hospital-based case control study

Feng

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionThere is a high incidence of both smoking and tuberculosis (TB) in China. This study examined the risk factors for severe pulmonary TB (PTB) and positive tubercle bacilli in sputum.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case-control study in a tertiary hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 (n = 917). The clinical and biological characteristics of patients were collected, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with smoking in terms of the severity and transmission of PTB.ResultsPositive tubercle bacilli in sputum and severe PTB were much higher in smoking patients. Together with nutrition status, heavy smoking exhibited a 284% greater risk in severe PTB. Positive tubercle bacilli in sputum was significantly associated with hypoproteinemia and smoking regardless of the status, duration, and degree.ConclusionBecause cigarette smoking was strongly and inversely associated with hypoproteinemia, we conclude that smoking plays a critical role in the severity and transmission of PTB. Smoking cessation interventions should be employed to prevent severe PTB and decrease the transmission of PTB.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of smoking on the severity and transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis: A hospital-based case control study

Feng

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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“…The sociodemographic variables considered in this study were gender, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, residence, education level, marital status, age of other family members, occupation type, monthly salary during the COVID-19 pandemic, change in monthly salary during the COVID-19 pandemic, presence of chronic diseases (cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes, cancers, liver diseases, and renal diseases, among others), and frailty status. Participants from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in mainland China were reclassified into the following 3 groups of socioeconomic status [ 23 ]: high (eastern region), medium (central region), and low (western region). The 5-item FRAIL scale (fatigue, resistance, ambulation, illness, and loss of weight) was used to identify frail persons at risk of developing disability, as well as decline in health functioning and mortality [ 24 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hesitancy to Undergo SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Testing in China: Nationwide Cross-sectional Study

Zou¹,

Lu²,

Fu³

et al. 2023

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing (RAT) could be a useful supplementary test to diagnose larger numbers of acute asymptomatic infections and alleviate the limitations of polymerase chain reaction testing. However, hesitancy to undergo SARS-CoV-2 RAT may compromise its implementation. Objective We aimed to understand the prevalence and correlates of hesitancy to undergo RAT among adults not infected with SARS-CoV-2 in mainland China. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey on hesitancy to undergo SARS-CoV-2 RAT was conducted among adults not infected with SARS-CoV-2 in mainland China between April 29, 2022, and May 10, 2022. Participants completed an online questionnaire that covered the following COVID-19–related factors: sociodemographic characteristics, experiences of COVID-19 restrictions and knowledge of COVID-19, and attitude toward COVID-19 and its screening. This study was a secondary analysis of data from the survey. We compared the characteristics of participants by hesitancy to undergo SARS-CoV-2 RAT. Thereafter, logistic regression with a sparse group minimax concave penalty was used to identify correlates of hesitancy to undergo RAT. Results We recruited 8856 individuals with diverse demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic characteristics in China. Eventually, 5388 participants (valid response rate of 60.84%; 52.32% [2819/5388] women; median age 32 years) were included in the analysis. Among the 5388 participants, 687 (12.75%) expressed hesitancy to undergo RAT and 4701 (87.25%) were willing to undergo RAT. Notably, those who were from the central region (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.815, 95% CI 1.441-2.278) and those who received COVID-19 information from traditional media (aOR 1.544, 95% CI 1.279-1.863) were significantly more likely to report hesitancy to undergo RAT (both P<.001). However, those who were women (aOR 0.720, 95% CI 0.599-0.864), were older (aOR 0.982, 95% CI 0.969-0.995), had postgraduate education (aOR 0.612, 95% CI 0.435-0.858), had children (<6 years old) and elders (>60 years old) in the family (aOR 0.685, 95% CI 0.510-0.911), had better knowledge about COVID-19 (aOR 0.942, 95% CI 0.916-0.970), and had mental health disorders (aOR 0.795, 95% CI 0.646-0.975) were less likely to report hesitancy to undergo RAT. Conclusions Hesitancy to undergo SARS-CoV-2 RAT was low among individuals who were not yet infected with SARS-CoV-2. Efforts should be made to improve the awareness and acceptance of RAT among men, younger adults, individuals with a lower education or salary, families without children and elders, and individuals who access COVID-19 information via traditional media. In a reopening world, our study could inform the development of contextualized mass screening strategies in general and the scale-up of RAT in particular, which remains an indispensable option in emergency preparedness.

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“…Societal dynamics and peer interactions, which normalize or even glorify smoking and drinking, serve as powerful catalysts pushing adolescents beyond smoking or drinking. [26] In many cultures, both behaviors are viewed as rites of passage that expose adolescents to other available illicit substances. [27] Psychological factors also play a role.…”

Section: Feature Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning-based prediction of substance use in adolescents: Derivation and validation in multinational datasets in South Korea, USA, and Norway (Preprint)

Lee,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND We aimed to address gaps in global understanding of cultural and social variations by employing a high-performance machine learning model to predict adolescent substance use across three national datasets. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a predictive model for adolescent substance use using multinational datasets and machine learning(ML). METHODS The study utilized the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey(KYRBS) from South Korea(n=1,145,178) to train ML models. For external validation, we employed the Youth Risk Behavior Survey(YRBS) from the USA(n=1,690,108) and Norwegian nationwide Ungdata surveys(Ungdata) from Norway(n=793,879). After developing diverse tree-based models, we further evaluated feature importance. RESULTS The study utilized nationwide adolescent datasets for ML model development and validation, analyzing data from 1,145,178 KYRBS adolescents, 54,709 YRBS Asian subset participants, and 720,812 from Ungdata. The random forest model was the top performer on the KYRBS, achieving an AUROC of 80.8%(95% CI, 80.7-80.8) with sensitivity of 72.9%(72.8-73.0), specificity of 72.9%(72.9-73.0), accuracy of 72.9%(72.8-73.0), and balanced accuracy of 72.9%(72.8-73.0). The model's AUROC scores were 73.2% for YRBS and 75.7% for Ungdata in external validation. The top features for predicting substance use were smoking status, body mass index (BMI), and alcoholic consumption. CONCLUSIONS With multinational datasets from South Korea, USA, and Norway, the findings of this study underscore the potential efficacy of ML models in predicting adolescent substance use with smoking status, body mass index, and alcoholic consumption identified as key predictors. The random forest model exhibited notable performance in this prediction. These findings could be a basis for future studies exploring more comprehensive factors influencing adolescent substance use or developing intervention strategies based on these predictors.

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Prevalence, frequency, intensity, and location of cigarette use among adolescents in China from 2013–14 to 2019: Findings from two repeated cross-sectional studies

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of smoking on the severity and transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis: A hospital-based case control study

Effects of smoking on the severity and transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis: A hospital-based case control study

Hesitancy to Undergo SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Testing in China: Nationwide Cross-sectional Study

Machine learning-based prediction of substance use in adolescents: Derivation and validation in multinational datasets in South Korea, USA, and Norway (Preprint)

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