Prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and complications of supernumerary teeth

Abstract

The aim of this article was to review the literature on supernumerary teeth, analyzing their prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and possible complications. An electronic search was made in the Pubmed-Medline database up to January 2014 using the key search terms “multiple supernumerary teeth” (n=279), “prevalence supernumerary teeth” (n=361), and “supernumerary teeth” (n=2412). In addition to the articles initially identified, others were included in the review proceeding from a manual search and from any references considered of relevance. Supernumerary teeth are those that exceed the normal dental formula. They are more common in men, more common in the upper maxilla, and more prevalent in permanent dentition. Complications associated with supernumerary teeth include dental impaction, delayed eruption, ectopic eruption, overcrowding, spacing anomalies and the formation of follicular cysts. The treatment of supernumerary teeth depends on their type, position, and possible complications, detected clinically and radiographically. No clear consensus exists as to the best time to extract unerupted supernumerary teeth. Key words:Hyperdoncia, supernumerary teeth, impacted teeth, treatment, permanent teeth, deciduous teeth.

An Overview of Retrospective Studies on Distomolar Teeth in Turkish Population and 4 Case Reports

“…While no other syndrome has been observed in a patient, it is rare that supernumerary teeth occur in abundance or in more than one quadrant [7,16,51]. Liu et al [52] identified a single supernumerary tooth in 72% of the cases, two in 27%, 3 and more in 0.6%.…”

“…Rudimentary teeth have conical and tubercular (molariform) sub-types [4,16,47,55]. In a study of 40 cases with distomolar teeth, Gündüz and Çelenk [8] observed smaller distomolars (rudimentary) in 75% of the cases and normal-looking ones (supplemental) in 25%.…”

“…Environmental and genetic factors play crucial parts in the etiologies of supernumerary teeth [15,16,17,18,19]. Thus, there could be some racial differences across populations.…”

Impactation of a permanent central maxillary incisor by the presence of two mesiodens: Case report

“…Next most frequent locations were maxillary third molar region (29.6%), mandibular third molar region (7%), mandibular premolar region (7%), maxillary premolar region (4.2%) and mandibular incisor region (4.2%). 17 The prevalence of supernumerary teeth is 0.3 -0.8% in deciduous dentition and 1.5 -3.5% in permanent dentition, 1,18,19 with higher incidence rate in males than females (incidence ratio of 2:1 6,9 or 4:1 12 ). This is in agreement with our case.…”

Distomolars: An overview and 3 case reports

“…However, the most accepted theory is the dental lamina hyperactivity theory which suggests that they are formed as a result of local, independent, conditioned hyperactivity of the dental lamina. However, the role of complex interactions among a variety of environmental and genetic factors has been postulated [2,12].…”