Prevalence estimation and risk factors for Escherichia coli O157 on Dutch dairy farms

Schouten, J.M.; Bouwknegt, Martijn; Giessen, A.W. van de; Frankena, K.; Jong, M.C.M. de; Graat, E.A.M.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.03.004

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The presence of E. coli 0157 on dairy farms has been shown to be significantly associated with recent purchase of animals (Schouten et al, 2004) and with the presence of large numbers of purchased animals (Nielsen et al, 2002).…”

Section: E Coli 0157mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioexclusion of diseases from dairy and beef farms: Risks of introducing infectious agents and risk reduction strategies

Mee

Geraghty

O’Neill³

et al. 2012

The Veterinary Journal

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Infectious disease represents a major threat to the productivity and welfare of cattle herds throughout the world. The introduction of infectious agents into dairy and beef farms may be through direct transmission (purchased cattle, reintroduced resident cattle and contact with contiguous cattle) or indirect transmission (fomites, visitors, other species, and biological materials) and this article reviews the evidence supporting these transmission routes. In the absence of eradication programmes for many endemic infectious diseases, bioexclusion is the key management process for risk reduction. Various ameliorative bioexclusion strategies have been recommended and the evidence supporting these protocols is considered.

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Section: E Coli 0157mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioexclusion of diseases from dairy and beef farms: Risks of introducing infectious agents and risk reduction strategies

Mee

Geraghty

O’Neill³

et al. 2012

The Veterinary Journal

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“…Many risk factors are involved in etiology of neonatal calf diarrhea including management and environmental factors (Lundborg et al, 2005). The risk factors associated with Salmonella (Fossler et al, 2005;Davison et al, 2006), and E. coli (Schouten et al, 2004;Kuhnert et al, 2005) have been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular screening and risk factors of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in diarrheic neonatal calves in Egypt

Younis

Ahmed

El-Khodery

et al. 2009

Research in Veterinary Science

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The aim of the present study was to carry out molecular epidemiological investigation on enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K99 and Salmonella spp. in diarrheic neonatal calves. Fecal samples were obtained from 220 diarrheic calves at 9 farms related to four governorates in central and northern Egypt. E. coli and Salmonella spp. isolates were examined for E. coli K99 and Salmonella spp. using PCR. ETEC K99 was recovered from 20 (10.36 %) out of 193 isolates, whereas Salmonella spp. was recovered from nine calves (4.09%). Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk factors associated with both infections. ETEC K99 was significantly affected by age (P<0.01; OR: 1.812; CI 95%: 0.566-1.769), colostrum feeding practice (P<0.01; OR: 5.525; CI 95%: 2.025-15.076), rotavirus infection (P<0.001; OR: 2.220; CI 95%: 0.273-1.251), vaccination of pregnant dams with combined vaccine against rotavirus, coronavirus and E. coli (K99) (P<0.001; OR: 4.753; CI 95%: 2.124-10.641), and vitamin E and selenium administration to the pregnant dam (P<0.01; OR: 3.933; CI 95%: 0.703-1.248). Infection with Salmonella spp. was found to be significantly affected by the animal age (P<0.05; OR: 0.376; CI 95%: 0.511-1.369), Hygiene (P<0.05; OR: 0.628; CI 95%: 1.729-5.612), and region (P<0. 01; OR: 0.970; CI 95%: 0.841-1.624). The results of the present study indicate the importance of PCR as rapid, effective and reliable tool for screening of ETEC and Salmonella spp. when confronted with cases of undifferentiated calf diarrhea. Moreover, identification of the risk factors associated with the spreading of bacteria causing diarrhea may be helpful for construction of suitable methods for prevention and control.

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“…Cattle are an important asymptomatic reservoir host of STEC O157, which may be transmitted to humans by ingestion of contaminated meat, produce, or water or by direct contact with cattle carrying the pathogen (4)(5)(6). The seasonal variation in STEC O157 fecal shedding by cattle, specifically the higher summertime prevalence, occurs in diverse regions, including Canada, England, Italy, South Korea, the Netherlands, Turkey, and the United States (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Similar summertime peak shedding is also reported in sheep (11,15,21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardized Escherichia coli O157:H7 Exposure Studies in Cattle Provide Evidence that Bovine Factors Do Not Drive Increased Summertime Colonization

Sheng

Shringi

Baker

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The increased summertime prevalence of cattle carriage of enterohemorrhagic Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (STEC O157) is associated with the increased summertime incidence of human infection. The mechanism driving the seasonality of STEC O157 carriage among cattle is unknown. We conducted experimental challenge trials to distinguish whether factors extrinsic or intrinsic to cattle underlie the seasonality of STEC O157 colonization. Holstein steers (n ‫؍‬ 20) exposed to ambient environmental conditions were challenged with a standardized pool of STEC O157 strains four times at 6-month intervals. The densities and durations of rectoanal junction mucosa (RAJ) colonization with STEC O157 were compared by season (winter versus summer), dose (10 9 CFU versus 10 7 CFU), and route of challenge (oral versus rectal). Following summer challenges, the RAJ STEC O157 colonization density was significantly lower (P ‫؍‬ 0.016) and the duration was shorter (P ‫؍‬ 0.052) than for winter challenges, a seasonal pattern opposite to that observed naturally. Colonization was unaffected by the challenge route, indicating that passage through the gastrointestinal microbiome did not significantly affect the infectious dose to the RAJ. A 2-log reduction of the challenge doses in the second-year trials was accompanied by similarly reduced RAJ colonization in both seasons (P < 0.001). These results refute the hypothesis that cattle are predisposed to STEC O157 colonization during the summer months, either due to intrinsic factors or indirectly due to gastrointestinal tract microbiome effects. Instead, the data support the hypothesis that the increased summertime STEC O157 colonization results from increased seasonal oral exposure to this pathogen. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 (STEC O157) is an important zoonotic pathogen estimated to cause Ͼ70,000 cases of human infection annually in the United States (1, 2). Human disease is characterized by mild to severe, frequently hemorrhagic diarrhea, and the development of a severe sequela, the hemolytic-uremic syndrome, in approximately 5 to 10% of patients (3). Cattle are an important asymptomatic reservoir host of STEC O157, which may be transmitted to humans by ingestion of contaminated meat, produce, or water or by direct contact with cattle carrying the pathogen (4-6). The seasonal variation in STEC O157 fecal shedding by cattle, specifically the higher summertime prevalence, occurs in diverse regions, including Canada, England, Italy, South Korea, the Netherlands, Turkey, and the United States (7-20). Similar summertime peak shedding is also reported in sheep (11,15,21). Contrary patterns have been occasionally reported, including a higher wintertime prevalence (22, 23) or no seasonal variation (24-26); however, these are unusual and sometimes are confounded by other factors such as a change to indoor housing (22).The seasonal summertime shedding of STEC O157 in cattle parallels both seasonal increases in carcass contamination at abattoirs and the in...

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Prevalence estimation and risk factors for Escherichia coli O157 on Dutch dairy farms

Cited by 47 publications

References 24 publications

Bioexclusion of diseases from dairy and beef farms: Risks of introducing infectious agents and risk reduction strategies

Bioexclusion of diseases from dairy and beef farms: Risks of introducing infectious agents and risk reduction strategies

Molecular screening and risk factors of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in diarrheic neonatal calves in Egypt

Standardized Escherichia coli O157:H7 Exposure Studies in Cattle Provide Evidence that Bovine Factors Do Not Drive Increased Summertime Colonization

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