Prevalence, diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from spring water in a rural area of northwestern Morocco

Abstract

Abstract. Nassri I, Tahri L, Saidi A, Ameur N, Fekhaoui M. 2021. Prevalence, diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from spring Water in a rural area of northwestern Morocco. Biodiversitas 22: 1363-1370. The persistence and diversity of serotypes belonging to pathogens in environmental waters including surface and groundwater have been widely documented and that the aquatic environment represents a relatively stable environment for these microorganisms. Study was carried out on the prevalence, diversity, and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates taken from 102 samples of spring water in a rural region of Northwestern Morocco (Rabat-Salé-Zemour-Zaer) collected for two seasonal campaigns between March 2010 and June 2011. The search and identification of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa were carried out according to ISO 19250 and ISO 16266 methods respectively. The serotyping of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa was carried out according to the Kauffmann and White and IATS (International Antigenic Typing System) schemes respectively. Antibiotic resistance of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa were carried out by the Mueller-Hinton agar diffusion method (Biorad). S. enterica showed a prevalence of 10.7% with 09 different serotypes circulating including S. paratyphi B, S. brandenburg, S. kentucky, S. group III b (serotype 50: z52: z53,), S. boon, S. tshiongwe, S. assinie, S. togo, and S. tanger. In contrast, P. aeruginosa showed a prevalence of 21.6% with 07 different serotypes circulating including O6, O1, O7, O9, O4, O3, and O10. In this study, antimicrobial resistance revealed that all isolated strains of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa still exhibit a wild resistance phenotype. Contaminated water sources are reservoirs of these pathogens but do not yet present the risk factors for these bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance.

Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella Serotypes Isolated from Environment, Humans, Animals, and Animal Products in Morocco: A Systematic Review

“…The poultry farming activity developed under the impetus of private investors with sustained growth from the 1960s around the major cities of the Atlantic zone (Sraïri, 2011). The presence of clinically important Salmonella enterica in natural waters follows the same trends as infection in humans and wildlife in the same area, suggesting a common origin of this germ (Nassri et al, 2021).…”

“…Most of the research work on Salmonella in the environment has been carried out in water environments, such as wells (Lotfi et al, 2020, Nassri et al, 2021, running waterways (Ben Moussa et al, 2014), water from dams (Chahboune et al, 2014), wastewaters (Ait Melloul and Hassani, 1999), and seawater (Setti et al, 2009). However, the complete study by serotyping and the study of antibiotic resistance is generally not carried out or not reported.…”

Effluents from a university clinical analysis teaching laboratory: an inductive study on adhesion and cellular response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…Furthermore, this resistance profile has been found not only in cosmopolitan isolates but has also in wild isolates obtained from rural areas, whose scenario hypothetically exerts less selective pressure, compared to urban environments. In addition, urban areas are more densely populated and bacteria are highly exposed to sources of contamination of anthropogenic origin (Hafiane et al, 2019, Nassri et al, 2021. This illustrates the inherent intrinsic resistance of P. aeruginosa to antibiotics, which in terms of public health, poses a threat when some strains exhibit wild-type virulence factor phenotypes.…”

Impacts of Atmospheric and Anthropogenic Factors on Microbiological Pollution of the Recreational Coastal Beaches Neighboring Shipping Ports

“…For the identification in sediment, a 100 mL of PBS, in which the sediment sample was processed, was filtered. The filtration membrane was transferred to 50 mL of Buffered peptone water (BPW), a Salmonella pre-enrichment broth, and incubated at 36 ± 2 °C for 18 ± 2 h. After incubation, the PBS aliquots were transferred to different broths— the Rappaport–Vassiliadis Soya Peptone Broth (RSV Broth) and the Muller–Kauffmann tetrathionate-novobiocin broth (MKTTn)—and incubated at 41.5 ± 1.0 °C for 24 ± 3 h and at 36 ± 2 °C for 24 ± 3 h, respectively [ 28 , 29 ]. For the Shigella spp.…”