Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Treatment with 3 Different Statins of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Military Personnel. Do Genetics Play a Role?

Sfikas, G.; Psallas, Michael; Koumaras, Charalambos; Imprialos, Κonstantinos; Perdikakis, Evangelos; Doumas, Michael; Γιουλεμέ, Όλγα; Karagiannis, Asterios; Athyros, Vasilios G.

doi:10.2174/1570161118666201015152921

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Interestingly, in a recent systematic review and metanalysis it was described that in the interventional studies, ALT, AST and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were reduced after statin treatment on average between 25 and 35%, while observational studies showed an effect null, suggesting the hepatic safety of statins in patients with NAFLD [153]. Moreover, genetics may play a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH and its treatment with statins [154].…”

Section: Statinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical evidence of relationship between Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease

Galiero¹,

Caturano²,

Vetrano³

et al. 2021

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine

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Evidence suggests a close connection between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Several cross-sectional studies report that NAFLD is related to preclinical atherosclerotic damage, and to coronary, cerebral and peripheral vascular events. Similar results have been showed by prospective studies and also by meta-analyzes on observational studies. The pathophysiological mechanisms of NAFLD are related to insulin resistance, which causes a dysfunction in adipokine production, especially adiponectin, from adipose tissue. A proinflammatory state and an increase in oxidative stress, due to increased reacting oxygen species (ROS) formation with consequent oxidation of free fatty acids and increased de novo lipogenesis with accumulation of triglycerides, are observed. These mechanisms may have an impact on atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression, and they can lead to increased cardiovascular risk in subjects with NAFLD. This review extensively discusses and comments current and developing NAFLD therapies and their possible impact on cardiovascular outcome.

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Section: Statinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical evidence of relationship between Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease

Galiero¹,

Caturano²,

Vetrano³

et al. 2021

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine

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“…However, statin treatment was associated with significantly reduced NAS and FIB-4 scores at the end of follow up. This benefit was relevant for all statins used in this study[ 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a role of lipid-lowering therapies in the management of fatty liver disease?

Tzanaki¹,

Agouridis²,

Kostapanos³

2022

WJH

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Atherogenic dyslipidemia is characterized by increased triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. It is highly prevalent in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and contributes to the increased cardiovascular risk associated with this condition. Alongside insulin resistance it plays an important pathogenetic role in NAFLD/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development and progression. It has been shown that cholesterol-lowering reduces cardiovascular risk more in NAFLD vs non-NAFLD high-risk individuals. This evidence highlights the importance of effective lipid modulation in NAFLD. In this narrative review the effects of the most commonly used lipid-lowering therapies on liver outcomes alongside their therapeutic implications in NAFLD/NASH are critically discussed. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that statins reduce hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in patients with NAFLD/NASH. Most data are derived from observational and small prospective clinical studies using changes in liver enzyme activities, steatosis/fibrosis scores, and imaging evidence of steatosis as surrogates. Also, relevant histologic benefits were noted in small biopsy studies. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin showed greater benefits, whereas data for other statins are scarce and sometimes conflicting. Similar studies to those of statins showed efficacy of ezetimibe against hepatic steatosis. However, no significant anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic actions of ezetimibe have been shown. Preclinical studies showed that fibrates through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α activation may have a role in NAFLD prevention and management. Nevertheless, no relevant benefits have been noted in human studies. Species-related differences in PPARα expression and its activation responsiveness may help explain this discrepancy. Omega-3 fatty acids reduced hepatic steatosis in numerous heterogeneous studies, but their benefits on hepatic inflammation and fibrosis have not been established. Promising preliminary data for the highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid require further confirmation. Observational studies suggest that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin9 inhibitors may also have a role in the management of NAFLD, though this needs to be established by future prospective studies.

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“…54 Improvement in cardiac risk profiles using lipidmodifying agents such as statins and ezetimibe reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in the context of NAFLD. [132][133][134] Simon et al…”

Section: Lipid-modifying Medicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic liver disease: Epidemiology, risk factors, natural history, and management strategies

Agyapong

Dashti

Banini

2023

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and a leading indication for liver transplantation in the United States. NAFLD encompasses a heterogeneous clinicopathologic spectrum, ranging from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and progressive fibrosis, which can lead to end‐stage liver disease including cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Predictive models suggest that over 100 million adults in the United States will have NAFLD by 2030, representing over a third of the population. In this manuscript, we provide an overview of NAFLD risk factors, natural history (including hepatic and extra‐hepatic outcomes), diagnosis, and current management strategies.

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Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Treatment with 3 Different Statins of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Military Personnel. Do Genetics Play a Role?

Cited by 23 publications

References 62 publications

Pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical evidence of relationship between Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease

Pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical evidence of relationship between Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease

Is there a role of lipid-lowering therapies in the management of fatty liver disease?

Nonalcoholic liver disease: Epidemiology, risk factors, natural history, and management strategies

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