Prévalence de la démence dans une population de personnes âgées sénégalaises

Abstract

RESUME DescriptionAvec le vieillissement de la population, survient la démence dans la population de personnes âgées. Objectif. L'objectif de cette étude était d'estimer la prévalence de cette affection dans une population de personnes âgées sénégalaises. Méthodes RésultatLa population à l'étude était composée de 872 personnes. Elles avaient un âge moyen de 67,2 ans ± 7,5. Elles étaient de sexe masculin (62,6%), mariées (79%), non instruites (50,7%). Dans les antécédents, l'HTA, le diabète, les affections respiratoires, les affections rhumatismales, la cataracte et les troubles digestifs étaient les plus fréquents. Le tabagisme et l'alcoolisme était faible alors que la marche constituait la principale activité physique. Les personnes âgées vivaient en famille avec un bon réseau social. Cinquante huit (58) personnes ont présenté une démence (6,6%). La prévalence de la maladie variait de manière significative avec l'âge et l'instruction. ConclusionCe résultat confirme que la prévalence de la démence varie en fonction de l'âge et de l'instruction de la personne âgée. SUMMARY BackgroundWith the ageing of the population, dementia is increasing.

Risk Factors for Dementia in a Senegalese Elderly Population Aged 65 Years and Over

“…In fact, the prevalence of dementia is increasing importantly with age as observed in a clinical setting and during population studies. Thus, the result we observed confirms the role of ageing (especially advanced age) in the occurrence of dementia as described elsewhere in Europe [ 3 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], America [ 32 , 33 , 34 ], Asia [ 35 , 36 , 37 ], and Africa [ 21 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

“…Identifying risk factors helps to plan for prevention programs. Studies on dementia in the Senegalese elderly population are rare [ 20 , 21 ]. Thus, a study was conducted in Senegal to determine the epidemiology of dementia in an elderly population utilizing a primary health care service for retirees in Dakar, Senegal.…”

Epidemiology of Dementia among the Elderly in Sub-Saharan Africa

“…Increased homocysteine levels were also reported to be associated with a similar but nonsignificant increase in dementia risk for both Yoruba and African Americans although there was a significant difference in folate levels between the two sites [32]. Further, two Senegal studies linked age, illiteracy, and low social network to the development of dementia [49, 51]. The Senegal findings are consistent with those of a cross-sectional study conducted in South Africa.…”

“…Additionally, a cross-sectional survey conducted in central Nigeria reported a slightly higher prevalence of dementia (6.40%) [ 33 ] than was reported in studies conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria [ 8 ]. Two hospital-based surveys in Senegal equally reported higher prevalence rates of dementia of 6.60% (in participants aged 55 years and above) and 8.87% (participants aged 65 years and above) [ 49 , 51 ]. Similarly, a population-based study conducted in the Central African Republic capital city of Bangui reported a dementia prevalence of 8.10%, a rate that is similar to data from Western countries [ 12 ].…”