Prevalence, correlates, and gender disparities related to eating disordered behaviors among health science students and healthcare practitioners in Lebanon: Findings of a national cross sectional study

Hoteit, Maha; Mohsen, Hala; Bookari, Khlood; Moussa, Ghadir; Jurdi, Najwa; Yazbeck, Nour

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.956310

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…A study done by Lebanese health science students and healthcare practitioners showed that the prevalence of eating disorders risk was 22.5% and about 80% of female students were high risk. 22 The existing literature also supports the finding in the reported case.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

A case report of anorexia nervosa in a 23‐year‐old Ethiopian woman

Tessema,

Megersa,

Abebe

et al. 2023

Clinical Case Reports

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Key Clinical MessagesLimited studies on AN in Africa, including Ethiopia. Internet and media have changed body image portrayal in developing countries. A need for a multidisciplinary approach to treatment, training on positive coaching styles, and future research.AbstractThe Global Burden of Disease had estimated anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa to be 13.6 million people. The lifetime prevalence of AN ranges from 2.4 to 4.3 percent. During their lifetime, up to 4% of females and up to 0.3% of males suffer from anorexia nervosa. Studies assessing AN in Africa, including Ethiopia, are limited. This case report describes a 23‐year‐old female patient who presented with anorectic symptoms and signs in Ethiopia. This case report describes a 23‐year‐old female patient who participated in sports activities. She had a low body weight based on a BMI of 13.15 kg/m2 and lost around 10 kg within the past 6 months. She feared gaining weight or becoming fat, thus restricting food intake. The findings on psychiatric evaluation encompassing detailed history and mental state examination suggested the diagnosis of Extreme anorexia nervosa, restricting type; adult malnutrition; major depressive disorder (MDD) (in remission); low risk of aggression; low risk of suicide; severe functional impairment. The general management principles implemented in this patient included assessment of medical complications, weight restoration, psychological intervention, medication for comorbid depression, and long‐term psychological and biological treatment follow‐up to avoid relapse. The presented case of a 23‐year‐old Ethiopian female patient who is athletic shows weight‐controlled sports activities and the manifestation of anorexia nervosa. Easy access to the Internet and media has changed body image portrayal in developing countries including Ethiopia. There is a need for a multidisciplinary approach involving psychiatrists, psychologists, internists, and nutritionists for the management of AN. The early screening and management of medical complications are crucial. There is a need for close monitoring of vital signs, restriction of caffeine, excess fluid, and salt, and limiting excessive exercise. Furthermore, to assess micronutrient deficiencies, vitamin supplements should be prescribed in the form of multivitamin and thiamine preparations. The need for future training about positive coaching styles for coaches is mandatory to reduce the future impacts on young athletes. There is a need for future research on eating disorders in developing countries such as Ethiopia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

A case report of anorexia nervosa in a 23‐year‐old Ethiopian woman

Tessema,

Megersa,

Abebe

et al. 2023

Clinical Case Reports

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Validation of the Arabic version of the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (Ar-MDDI) among Lebanese male university students

et al. 2023

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Background To date, the vast majority of research on disordered eating symptomatology and body image disturbances from the Arab world have been performed exclusively among women; and mainly used thinness-oriented measures that are not sensitive to detect muscularity-oriented symptoms, which are more evident in males. Therefore, the objective of our study was to validate the Arabic version of the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (Ar-MDDI), in order to make it accessible for Arabic-speaking populations. Methods Using a snowball sampling technique, men university students (n = 396) from multiple universities in Lebanon filled the survey in this cross-sectional designed study (January–May 2022). A soft copy of the questionnaire was created using google forms software, and sent to participants through the different social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. We used the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory to assess Muscle Dysmorphia, along with the Big Three Perfectionism Scale to assess perfectionism and Eating Attitude Test (EAT) to evaluate the inappropriate eating attitudes. To explore the factor structure of Ar-MDDI, we computed a principal-axis Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with the first split-half subsample using the FACTOR software. We used data from the second split-half to conduct a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using the SPSS AMOS v.29 software. Pearson correlation test was used to test the convergent and divergent validity of the Ar-MDDI scale with the other scores included in the study. Results The results of the EFA revealed three factors, which explained 57.68% of the common variance: Factor 1 = Appearance intolerance, Factor 2 = Drive for size, and Factor 3 = Functional impairment. The CFA fit indices of the three-factor model of the Ar-MDDI scale showed good results. Moreover, 254 (64.1%) of the participants had inappropriate eating attitudes (EAT scores ≥ 20). Indices suggested that configural, metric, and scalar invariance was supported according to eating attitudes. No significant difference between participants with appropriate versus inappropriate eating attitudes in terms of functional impairment, drive for size and appearance intolerance. Perfectionism scores correlated positively with the Ar-MDDI, which suggests divergent validity. Conclusion Our findings revealed that the validation of the Arabic scale yielded excellent properties, preliminarily supporting its use for the assessment of muscle dysmorphia among Arabic-speaking university men. This would hopefully allow for its timely detection and management in Arab clinical settings and encourage cross-cultural research on this topic.

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The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26): Psychometric Characteristics and Factor Structure in Nonclinical Sample of 876 Female University Students

Meshkova,

Mitina,

Shelygin

et al. 2023

Клиническая И Специальная Психология

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The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) is widely used all over the world, including Russia, for screening eating disorders, however, the psychometric characteristics and factorial structure of the questionnaire have not yet been studied on Russian non-clinical samples. This study involved 876 female students aged 17–26 (M=20.11±1.79) from three cities (Moscow, Ryazan, and Arkhangelsk). All respondents were asked to fill out an adapted Russian version of EAT-26. To assess the retest reliability, 48 students from Ryazan filled out the questionnaire twice with an interval of one month. To assess construct validity, 293 female students from Ryazan filled out the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) to assess a positive attitude towards the body, 281 students from Arkhangelsk filled out the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). As a result, descriptive statistics of the total score and responses to individual items of EAT-26 were obtained. In accordance with the critical value of EAT-26 (≥20), the risk group for eating disorders included 13.5% of the respondents. The high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha — 0.883) and retest reliability (r=0.865) of the EAT-26 total were shown. The confirmatory factor analyses failed to confirm the three-factor structure originally proposed by the authors of the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a five-factor model (χ2=226.584, df=81, p<10-6, CFI=0.970, RMSEA=0.046, 90% CI [0.038; 0.052] with 15 items included (EAT-15), which has high rates of internal consistency and retest reliability (Cronbach's alpha — 0.840; r=0.861). Psychometric characteristics and indicators of reliability and validity of EAT-26, EAT-15, and the five selected scales are given.

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Prevalence, correlates, and gender disparities related to eating disordered behaviors among health science students and healthcare practitioners in Lebanon: Findings of a national cross sectional study

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

A case report of anorexia nervosa in a 23‐year‐old Ethiopian woman

A case report of anorexia nervosa in a 23‐year‐old Ethiopian woman

Validation of the Arabic version of the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (Ar-MDDI) among Lebanese male university students

The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26): Psychometric Characteristics and Factor Structure in Nonclinical Sample of 876 Female University Students

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