Prevalence, Clinical Features, and Causes of Vision Loss Among Patients With Ocular Toxocariasis

Stewart, Jay M.; Cubillan, Leo Dp; Cunningham, Emmett T.

doi:10.1097/00006982-200512000-00009

Cited by 177 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Um granuloma pode também ocorrer no nervo óptico. Os sinais clínicos mais comuns e os maiores causadores de perda de visão são inflamação vítrea, edema macular cistoide e tração de filamentos vítreo-retinianos em direção ao nervo óptico e/ou um granuloma 85 .…”

Section: Larva Migrans Ocular E Neurológicaunclassified

Toxocariasis: visceral larva migrans in children

Carvalho¹,

Rocha²

2011

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objectives: To present a detailed investigation of risk factors, symptoms, and laboratory and imaging tests that may be useful to establish the clinical laboratory diagnosis of visceral larva migrans (VLM) in children, demonstrating the importance of diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications in the eyes, liver, and other organs. Sources:Literature review using the MEDLINE and LILACS (1952-2009) databases, selecting the most recent and representative articles on the topic. Summary of the findings:VLM is an infectious disease with nonspecific clinical presentation, whose transmission is related to contact with dogs, especially puppies, and which may progress to late systemic complications in vital organs such as the eyes and the central nervous system. IgG (ELISA) anti-T. canis can be used to establish the laboratory diagnosis. Higher cutoff points suggest recent illness and lower cutoff points demonstrate mild infection or infection in remission. Therapeutic response may be assessed by means of eosinophil blood cell count. The present article provides the pediatrician with updated information regarding VLM, a disease of high prevalence worldwide and in Brazil. Conclusions:The diagnosis of VLM depends mainly on the presence of dogs in the child's household, associated with ELISA (IgG anti-T. canis), using excretory-secretory antigens of Toxocara canis. Prospective studies are warranted to assess the best drug therapy. Prevention is the most important strategy because of the high prevalence of T. canis in urban areas.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011;87(2):100-110: Toxocara canis, dogs, infection, epidemiology, ELISA, prevalence. ResumoObjetivos: Apresentar investigação detalhada de fatores de risco, sintomatologia, exames laboratoriais e de imagem que possam contribuir para o diagnóstico clínico-laboratorial da larva migrans visceral (LMV) em crianças e mostrar a importância do diagnóstico e do tratamento para evitar complicações oculares, hepáticas e em outros órgãos. Fontes dos dados:Revisão de literatura utilizando os bancos de dados MEDLINE e LILACS , selecionando os artigos mais atuais e representativos do tema. Síntese dos dados:LMV é uma doença infecciosa de apresentação clínica inespecífica cuja transmissão está relacionada ao contato com cães, principalmente filhotes, podendo evoluir com complicações sistêmicas tardias em órgãos vitais como o olho e sistema nervoso central. Para diagnóstico laboratorial, pode ser utilizado IgG (ELISA) anti-Toxocara canis, cujos pontos de corte mais elevados sugerem doença recente e, os mais baixos, infecção leve ou em resolução. A resposta terapêutica pode ser avaliada por meio da contagem de eosinófilos no sangue. Esse artigo atualiza o pediatra em relação à LMV, doença de alta prevalência no mundo e no Brasil.Conclusões: O diagnóstico de LMV depende principalmente da epidemiologia da presença de cães no domicílio da criança, associada ao ELISA (IgG para T. canis), utilizando antígenos Toxocara de excreção e secreção. São necessários estudos prospectivos para avali...

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Section: Larva Migrans Ocular E Neurológicaunclassified

Toxocariasis: visceral larva migrans in children

Carvalho¹,

Rocha²

2011

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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“…The major causes of visual acuity loss are: severe vitreitis (52.6% of the cases), cystoid macular edema (47.4%) and tractional retinal detachment (36.8%) [8]. The real factors that may influence the onset of a determined clinical form are unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case report of ocular toxocariasis

Azira

Mohamed

2011

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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“…5 OLM can cause uveitis, posterior and peripheral retinochoroiditis, vitritis, endophthalmitis, papillitis and other ocular lesions that often lead to loss of vision in the affected eye. 2 A deÞ nite diagnosis of OLM is difÞ cult to establish as the larva is rarely identiÞ ed from the lesions. Hence, immunodiagnostic tests have been used as a reliable adjunct for the diagnosis of toxocariasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The clinical Þ ndings and age of presentation makes differential diagnosis with retinoblastoma necessary, which is at times difÞ cult, although essential, since the treatment and prognosis are very different. Human toxocariasis is highly prevalent in Kashmir valley as indicated by a study, which showed 33.33% population being seropositive (unpublished data).…”

Section: Membersmentioning

confidence: 99%