Prevalence and trends of non-medical opioid and other drug use histories among federal correctional inmates in methadone maintenance treatment in Canada

Johnson, Sara F.; MacDonald, Shanna Farrell; Cheverie, Madelon; Myrick, Christina; Fischer, Benedikt

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.12.014

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The theme of regional variation of abuse of prescription opioids is supported by the findings of the Johnson et al (2012) Canadian research that surveyed over 1200 male prisoners who were being prescribed methadone for maintenance. They found significant regional differences in the prevalence of both morphine/hydromorphone and oxycontin unlicensed use.…”

Section: Heterogeneity Of Prescription Opioid Abuse Practicementioning

confidence: 66%

Prescription opioid abuse in prison settings: A systematic review of prevalence, practice and treatment responses

Bi-Mohammed

Wright

Hearty

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Highlights Abuse of prescription opioids is widespread within prisons.  There is significant variation internationally in the type of opioid abused.  Further research is needed regarding how to effectively respond to such abuse.  Assertiveness and safer prescribing training for prescribing staff is needed.  More research is required on the development of less abuseable preparations. Abstract Background

show abstract

Section: Heterogeneity Of Prescription Opioid Abuse Practicementioning

confidence: 66%

Prescription opioid abuse in prison settings: A systematic review of prevalence, practice and treatment responses

Bi-Mohammed

Wright

Hearty

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A growing body of literature documents trends in increasingly problematic PO use and street-level availability in Canada: data indicate that rates of NPOU are rising in general adult and student populations (Boak, Hamilton, Adlaf, & Mann, 2013; Health Canada, 2013) and NPOU is emergent among key marginalized populations, including street-drug users (Popova, Patra, Mohapatra, Fischer, & Rehm, 2009), First Nations/Aboriginal people (Dell et al, 2012; Katt et al, 2012), and correctional populations (Johnson, MacDonald, Cheverie, Myrick, & Fischer, 2012). Local Vancouver studies of youth and adults who use drugs have seen a marked rise in the availability of POs, particularly oxycodone and hydrocodone, in street-level drug markets between 2006 and 2010, despite the high and stable availability of other illicit drugs (Nosyk et al, 2012), and injection and non-injection PO use has surpassed heroin use among some drug-using populations in Canada (Fischer et al, 2006; Leclerc, Morissette, & Roy, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and correlates of nonmedical prescription opioid use among a cohort of sex workers in Vancouver, Canada

Argento¹,

Chettiar²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2015

International Journal of Drug Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The nonmedical use of prescription opioids (POs) is a major public health concern, causing extensive morbidity and mortality in North America. Canada has the second highest consumption rate of POs globally and data indicate nonmedical PO use (NPOU) is growing among key populations and increasingly available in street-level drug markets. Despite accumulating evidence documenting the rise of NPOU, few studies have systematically examined NPOU in Canada among key vulnerable populations, such as sex workers. This study prospectively evaluated the prevalence and correlates of NPOU within a Vancouver cohort of sex workers over three-years follow-up. Methods Data were drawn from an open prospective cohort, AESHA (An Evaluation of Sex Workers Health Access) in Metro Vancouver, Canada (2010-2013). Women were recruited through outreach from outdoor street locations and indoor venues. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were used to examine social and structural correlates of NPOU over 36 months. Results Of the 692 sex workers at baseline, close to one-fifth (n=130, 18.8%) reported NPOU (injection or non-injection) in the last six months. In multivariable GEE analyses, factors independently correlated with recent NPOU were: exchanging sex while high (AOR 3.26, 95%CI 2.29-4.64), police harassment/arrest (AOR 1.83, 95%CI 1.43-2.35), intimate partner injects drugs (AOR 1.66, 95%CI 1.11-2.49), and recent physical/sexual intimate partner violence (AOR 1.65, 95%CI 1.21-2.24). Conclusion Our results demonstrate that nearly one-fifth of sex workers in Metro Vancouver report NPOU. Factors independently statistically associated with NPOU included exchanging sex while high, police harassment/arrest, a drug injecting intimate partner and recent physical/sexual intimate partner violence. The high prevalence of NPOU use among sex workers underscores the need for further prevention and management strategies tailored to this key population. The correlates of NPOU uncovered here suggest that structural interventions may be further implemented to ameliorate this growing concern.

show abstract

“…Since its development more than 40 years ago, methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) has been adopted by an increasing number of countries to reduce the harmful effects of heroin use [3-5]. Health-related functions of MMT programs generally have two components: reducing opiate addiction, and reducing addiction-related HIV risk behaviors, thereby reducing HIV transmission [6-8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Europe, the United States, Canada, and other Western countries, there are four main providers of MMT: family physicians, multidisciplinary clinics, private clinics, and prisons [8-12]. Most service delivery is through family physicians and private clinics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When it is used, it is commonly reported to have a high dropout rate. Taking an international perspective, the reasons for methadone treatment dropout include waiting lists, lack of money or health insurance, trepidation regarding the social stigma and discrimination that may result from identity exposure due to requirements to possess a photo identification card, beliefs about methadone side effects, and fear of withdrawal from methadone during incarceration [8,13-15]. Typical solutions to methadone treatment dropout include providing public financial support, waiving photo identification requirements, permitting time-limited treatment with the option to extend such treatment upon request, and working with corrections agencies to ensure continued methadone treatment [12,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Policy implementation of methadone maintenance treatment and HIV infection: evidence from Hubei province, China

Zhao

Liang

2013

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To view methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) globally, it is necessary to accumulate data on MMT policy implementation under different health service systems. The aim of the current study is to provide empirical evidence about policy implementation of MMT and HIV infection control, as well as recommendations for improvement of MMT in the future. Based on China’s national policy framework of MMT, policy implementation of MMT in Hubei province has two objectives: 1) to create linkages between health and public security, and 2) to provide integrated services for management of drug abusers. From 2007 to 2011, following the establishment of MMT clinics that provide methadone as well as HIV prevention services, the proportion of HIV infection among drug abusers decreased relatively quickly (12.12% → 5.77% → 5.19% → 2.39% → 2.04%). However, high drop-out rate and poor information management have been identified as particular problems which now need to be addressed. Furthermore, client drop-out from MMT programs may reflect social issues the clients encounter, and consequently, sustainable MMT development requires incorporation of social measures that help MMT clients return to society without discrimination, especially through family cooperation and employment opportunities.

show abstract

Prevalence and trends of non-medical opioid and other drug use histories among federal correctional inmates in methadone maintenance treatment in Canada

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Prescription opioid abuse in prison settings: A systematic review of prevalence, practice and treatment responses

Prescription opioid abuse in prison settings: A systematic review of prevalence, practice and treatment responses

Prevalence and correlates of nonmedical prescription opioid use among a cohort of sex workers in Vancouver, Canada

Policy implementation of methadone maintenance treatment and HIV infection: evidence from Hubei province, China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About