Prevalence and Transmission of Multi Drug Resistance Gene in Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that are commonly used to treat humans, animals, and fish, as well as to research susceptibility patterns in a variety of bacteria. With the rising number of diseases and the emergence of new infections, many drugs for humans, animals, fish, and plants are being developed. However, with the development of pharmaceuticals came the advent of a phenomenon known as drug resistance, which has alarmed scientists and researchers all around the world. The building of resistance in genes that code for specific drugs, plasmids, or transposons, the action of multidrug efflux pumps, changes in chromosomal genes, or the Staphylococci cassette chromosome can all produce it. Staphylococcus aureus, the most common Gram-positive bacteria, has a multidrug-resistant phenotype that reveals its pathogenicity. Staphylococcus sp. possesses a variety of transmissible genes that cause them to be resistant to treatments such as antibiotics. The discovery of antibiotics by Alexander Fleming has long been a boon in the fight against bacterial illnesses. Drug-resistant bacteria have emerged as a result of antibiotic overuse and suboptimal usage, attracting the attention of scientists throughout the world. Therefore, as a first step in combating drug-resistant bacteria, it is obvious that widespread efforts to curb antibiotic abuse are required. This review focuses on and brings to society the prevalence of different multidrug resistant genes in Staphylococcus aureus and their transmission.

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“…Alexander Fleming, who developed penicillin, warned against its improper usage since it may cause bacteria to become immune to antibiotics 1 . Antibiotics have been misused, leading to widespread bacterial resistance to many different classes of drugs 2,3 . Therefore, it is time to revert to the tried-and-true strategy of employing bacteriophage to change antibiotic-resistant bacteriophage.…”

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“…Antibiotic resistance is one of the gravest threats to human health today. Antibiotic resistance has emerged among hazardous bacteria due to the widespread use of drugs for human health, marine life and agricultural animals 1 . Furthermore, factors including rising infection rates and chronic disorders requiring antimicrobial therapy have contributed to a rise in antibiotic consumption.…”