Prevalence and stability of active play, restricted movement and television viewing in infants

Hesketh, Kylie; Crawford, David; Abbott, Gavin; Campbell, Karen; Salmon, Jo

doi:10.1080/03004430.2014.963066

Cited by 40 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Similar results were observed when the level of moderate to vigorous physical activity was assessed [130]. Very little evidence is available for younger children although recently, Hesketh et al have found an association between maternal education and infant time spent outdoors and time spent free to move around (proxies for physical activity) [131].…”

Section: Lack Of Physical Activitysupporting

confidence: 64%

A Review of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Position and the Early-Life Predictors of Obesity

et al. 2015

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A range of important early-life predictors of later obesity have been identified. Children of lower socioeconomic position (SEP) have a steeper weight gain trajectory from birth with a strong socioeconomic gradient in child and adult obesity prevalence. An assessment of the association between SEP and the early-life predictors of obesity has been lacking. The review involved a two-stage process: Part 1, using previously published systematic reviews, we developed a list of the potentially modifiable determinants of obesity observable in the pre-natal, peri-natal or post-natal (pre-school) periods; and part 2, conducting a literature review of evidence for socioeconomic patterning in the determinants identified in part 1. Strong evidence was found for an inverse relationship between SEP and (1) pre-natal risk factors (pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI), diabetes and pre-pregnancy diet), (2) antenatal/peri natal risk factors (smoking during pregnancy and low birth weight) and (3) early-life nutrition (including breastfeeding initiation and duration, early introduction of solids, maternal and infant diet quality, and some aspects of the home food environment), and television viewing in young children. Less strong evidence (because of a lack of studies for some factors) was found for paternal BMI, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, child sleep duration, high birth weight and lack of physical activity in young children. A strong socioeconomic gradient exists for the majority of the early-life predictors of obesity suggesting that the die is cast very early in life (even pre-conception). Lifestyle interventions targeting disadvantaged women at or before child-bearing age may therefore be particularly important in reducing inequality. Given the likely challenges of reaching this target population, it may be that during pregnancy and their child's early years are more feasible windows for engagement.

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Section: Lack Of Physical Activitysupporting

confidence: 64%

A Review of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Position and the Early-Life Predictors of Obesity

et al. 2015

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“…Increasing time spent on the ground over the first year of life (from 24% at 3 months to 48% at 12 months) suggests that caregivers provide more opportunities for older infants to practice developing motor skills and thus to independently choose how to transition between positions. Both the current study and past work suggest that time spent reclined in infant furniture and held off the ground gives way to allow older infants more time in unrestricted activity (Hesketh, Crawford, Abbott, Campbell, & Salmon, ). This shift likely depends on caregivers recognizing improvements in infants’ motor abilities, caregiver beliefs about promoting motor abilities (Keller, Yovsi, & Voelker, ), beliefs about safety (Hnatiuk et al., ), as well as nonmotor changes in infant development (e.g., the ability to self‐soothe may allow infants to be held less often).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…A wide variety of experiences can be studied if they can be distilled into 3–4 short questions with a coding scheme that is easy for caregivers to follow. For example, sedentary time (e.g., TV watching, passive play) versus active time (unrestricted movement) in infancy relates to health and developmental outcomes, but studies have relied on crude caregiver report measures or more expensive, technically demanding accelerometer measurements (Downing, Hnatiuk, & Hesketh, ; Hesketh et al., ; Hnatiuk et al., ). Opportunities for learning about objects (Ross‐Sheehy et al., ; Soska et al., ) could be measured by categorizing the how often infants manipulate objects and the types of objects encountered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Opportunities for Learning in Everyday Life: Infant Body Position Over the First Year

Franchak

2018

Infancy

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Developmental theories depend on characterizing the input to potential learning mechanisms-infants' everyday experiences. The current study employed a novel ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to measure two aspects of the physical context of those experiences: body position and location. Infant body position was selected because it relates to the development of a variety of other skills. Caregivers of 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12month-olds reported infants' body position-held, supine, reclined, prone, sitting, or upright-in response to text message notifications over a week to capture infants' experiences across the entire range of their daily activities. Findings revealed a tremendous disparity in the distribution of body position experiences over the first year. Younger infants spend more time held, supine, and reclined, whereas older infants spend more time sitting and upright. Body position experiences differed substantially between same-age infants who possess a motor skill (e.g., ability to sit or walk) compared with those who did not, suggesting that developing motor skills change infants' everyday experiences. Finally, the success of the methodology suggests that similar EMAs might be used to study a wide range of infants' naturalistic experiences.

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“…For infants less than 6 months old, caregivers should provide daily “tummy time” (time awake in the prone position) and opportunities for infants to move freely by engaging them unrestrained on the floor (in prone or supine position) and limit the use of equipment that restricts movement, such as bouncy seats or swings. Despite these recommendations, few studies have described patterns of infant tummy time, unrestrained floor time, and movement‐restricting time .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies have found that health literacy, education, and ethnicity are related to infant activity. Hispanic mothers and those with inadequate health literacy reported less tummy time , and university‐educated mothers provided more play time than those with less education . There has been limited study of movement‐restricted time .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized controlled trial of an early child obesity prevention intervention: Impacts on infant tummy time

Gross

Mendelsohn

Yin

et al. 2017

Obesity

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Objective To describe infant activity at 3 months old and to test the efficacy of a primary care-based child obesity prevention intervention on promoting infant activity in low-income Hispanic families. Methods Randomized controlled trial (n=533) comparing a control group of mother-infant dyads receiving standard prenatal and pediatric primary care with an intervention group receiving “Starting Early”, with individual nutrition counseling and nutrition and parenting support groups coordinated with prenatal and pediatric visits. Outcomes included infant activity (tummy time, unrestrained floor time, time in movement restricting devices). Health literacy assessed using the Newest Vital Sign. Results 456 mothers completed 3-month assessments. Infant activity: 82.6% ever practiced tummy time; 32.0% practiced tummy time on the floor; 34.4% reported unrestrained floor time; 56.4% reported >1 hour/day in movement restricting devices. Inadequate health literacy was associated with reduced tummy time and unrestrained floor time. The intervention group reported more floor tummy time (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.44–3.23) and unrestrained floor time (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.14–2.49) compared to controls. No difference in the time spent in movement restricting devices was found. Conclusions Tummy time and unrestrained floor time were low. Primary care-based obesity prevention programs have potential to promote these activities.

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Prevalence and stability of active play, restricted movement and television viewing in infants

Cited by 40 publications

References 34 publications

A Review of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Position and the Early-Life Predictors of Obesity

A Review of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Position and the Early-Life Predictors of Obesity

Changing Opportunities for Learning in Everyday Life: Infant Body Position Over the First Year

Randomized controlled trial of an early child obesity prevention intervention: Impacts on infant tummy time

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