Prevalence and species spectrum of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria isolates at a tertiary care center

Umrao, Jyoti; Singh, Dharamveer; Zia, Amreen; Saxena, Shweta; Sarsaiya, Surendra; Singh, Shushma; Khatoon, Jahanarah; Dhole, Tapan N.

doi:10.1016/j.ijmyco.2016.06.008

Cited by 60 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similar trend has been noted from other sites of Europe, Australia, and North America [34, 36, 37, 41]. Species of MAC were also detected in Asia (India, South Korea, and China), the Middle East (countries of the GCC), and Africa (Zambia) with a clinical rate ranging from 14 to 53% [38–40, 42]. On the other hand, other prevalent SGM (including M. kansasii and M. gordonae ) were evident in the GCC states but with a lower clinical prevalence compared to other industrialized regions.…”

Section: Trends Of Ntm In Countries Of the Gcc Versus The Rest Of supporting

confidence: 79%

“…Such trend is not surprising and has been echoed in other sites of the world including some countries in Europe, Asia, Australia, and America [34–41]. Interestingly, most developing regions situated in Asia (such as South Korea and India) and the Middle East (such as the GCC countries) reported high prevalence of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) in their clinical settings such as M. fortuitum (6–22%) and M. abscessus (25–31%) (Figure 2/Table 4) [38, 40]. These species have been noted from the Gulf region with a clinical relevance of 29% and 17%, respectively.…”

Section: Trends Of Ntm In Countries Of the Gcc Versus The Rest Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Saudi Arabia and Gulf Countries: A Review

Al-Ghafli

Al‐Hajoj

2017

Canadian Respiratory Journal

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Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) are causing growing health problems worldwide. This is indicated by an increasing amount of scientific reports showing not only well-identified species reemerging but also emergence of new species. The emergence and reemergence of NTM are particularly worrying in developing countries due to scarce published data and improper identification. Here we aimed to examine the main epidemiological aspects and diagnostic challenges associated with NTM in countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and compare these findings to the international arena findings. Data revealed that countries of the GCC are largely dominated by rapidly growing mycobacteria species such as M. fortuitum (29%) and M. abscessus (17%) with high rate of definitive respiratory diseases. On the other hand, most of the developed countries are dominated by slowly growing mycobacteria such as MAC, M. kansasii, and M. gordonae. More efforts are needed, however, to gain insights into NTM issues in countries of the GCC.

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Section: Trends Of Ntm In Countries Of the Gcc Versus The Rest Of supporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Trends Of Ntm In Countries Of the Gcc Versus The Rest Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Saudi Arabia and Gulf Countries: A Review

Al-Ghafli

Al‐Hajoj

2017

Canadian Respiratory Journal

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“…Patients with high suspicion of tuberculosis who do not respond to conventional ATT are often presumptively diagnosed as MDR TB. Comprehensive data from Indian settings are lacking but the isolation rates ranges from 0.7 to 34% (11)(12)(13). In a study from 1998 to 2011, 29 patients were diagnosed with musculoskeletal NTM infection (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteomyelitis due to multiple rare infections in a patient with idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia

Gupta

Banerjee

Timitrov

et al. 2017

IRDR

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“…However, drinking untreated water and living in close contact with cattle or other domestic animals may lead of infection in human [66]. In USA, NTM diseases are more associated with densely populated areas, suggesting the infective source as urban municipal water supply [67], while Japan suggesting the soil as the source for more patients who were farmers and gardeners [68]. Furthermore, characteristic gradient clustering of the ratios of M. avium and M. intracellulare has been observed in Japan, suggesting that environmental factors strongly affect the epidemiology of NTMPD [69].…”

Section: Host-pathogen Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Non Tuberculosis Mycobacterial Lung Diseases

Diseases¹

2018

Mycobacterium - Research and Development

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Nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous in nature and opportunistically infect different animals, including humans. Currently, NTM is emerging as an important cause of pulmonary infection among both immunocompromised and immunocompetent persons worldwide. The clinical relevance of pulmonary NTM varies among species while showing geographical heterogeneity in distribution as well as pathogenicity. The outcome of the respiratory NTM disease is a consequence of a complex interplay between microbial factors and host susceptibility. Furthermore, HIV infection, cystic fibrosis, cancer, underlying chronic lung disease and history of tuberculosis (TB) may be associated as risk factors for active nontuberculosis pulmonary diseases (NTMPD). The diagnosis of NTMPD requires the presence of symptoms, radiographic evidences, microscopic observations and definitive laboratory diagnostics. Lung infections resulted from a clinically significant NTM species should be treated with appropriate antimicrobial regimen. M. leprae and M. lepraemurium are uncultivable and require the intracellular milieu for survival and propagation [4]. The obligatory causative agents of the genus Mycobacterium, responsible for TB are classified into Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). It comprises M. tuberculosis, M.bovis, M. africanum, M. microti [5], M. canettii [6], M. caprae [7], M. pinnipedii [8], M. mungi [9], M. orygis [10] and M. suricattae [11] species. M. tuberculosis, M. africanum, M. canettii and M. orygis cause TB primarily in human [4, 10], whereas M. bovis [12], M. microti [13], M. caprae [7] M. pinnipedii [8], M. mungi [9] and M. suricattae [11] infect cattle, domestic animals, goats, seals, mongooses and meerkats, respectively, and animal tuberculosis can also be zoonotic [14, 15]. However, geographical variation of the MTC species distribution has been identified. As an example, M. africanum is a common cause of human pulmonary TB (39%) as much as M. tuberculosis (55%) in West Africa [16]. In Ghana, 3% of pulmonary TB cases are represented by M. bovis, while 20% are M. africanum and 73% are M. tuberculosis [17].Other medically important mycobacteria such as M. avium, M. intracellulare complex, M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. fortuitum, M. chelonae complex, M. abscessus and M. scrofulaceum are known as nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) species or atypical mycobacteria or mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT). They are responsible for diseases including lymphadenitis in children, chronic pulmonary diseases, skin and soft-tissue diseases and infections of the skeletal system [18]. NTM are ubiquitous in nature and are widely distributed in water, soil and animals. Among prevailing NTM species, only a few species have a clinical impact on humans as opportunistic pathogens [19]. M. avium complex (MAC), M. abscessus, M. kansasii, M. fortuitum, M. chelonae, M. szulgai, M. triviale and M. scrofulaceum are common NTM species that cause pulmonary diseases in human [20]. Additionally, M. riyadhense was recently proposed as a cau...

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Prevalence and species spectrum of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria isolates at a tertiary care center

Abstract: The high prevalence and species diversity of NTM suggests the need for immediate and accurate characterization of NTM for proper treatment and management of patients.

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Saudi Arabia and Gulf Countries: A Review

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Saudi Arabia and Gulf Countries: A Review

Osteomyelitis due to multiple rare infections in a patient with idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia

Overview of Non Tuberculosis Mycobacterial Lung Diseases

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