Prevalence and spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form 03_AB (CRF03_AB) in the Former Soviet Union countries

Lebedev, Aleksey; Pasechnik, Oksana; Ozhmegova, Ekaterina; Антонова, А. А.; Блох, А. И.; Grezina, Liliya; Sandyreva, Tatiana; Дементьева, Наталья Евгеньевна; Kazennova, Elena; Bobkova, Marina

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0241269

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Based on this analysis, 16 sequences were classified as CRF02_AG and 8 as CRF63_02A6. Furthermore, two infections with the CRF03_AB virus, the regionally CRF that initiated the outbreak in Kaliningrad [ 8 , 41 ], were identified. Except for two sequences from Krasnodar, which did not cluster strongly with the other CRF02_AG sequences ( Figure 1 D), all CRFs were from Moscow.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Eastern Europe and Russia

Klundert

Антонова²,

Teodoro

et al. 2022

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The HIV epidemic in Eastern Europe and Russia is large and not well-controlled. To describe the more recent molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, transmitted drug resistance, and the relationship between the epidemics in this region, we sequenced the protease and reverse transcriptase genes of HIV-1 from 812 people living with HIV from Ukraine (n = 191), Georgia (n = 201), and Russia (n = 420) before the initiation of antiretroviral therapy. In 190 Ukrainian patients, the integrase gene sequence was also determined. The most reported route of transmission was heterosexual contact, followed by intravenous drug use, and men having sex with men (MSM). Several pre-existing drug resistance mutations were found against non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) (n = 103), protease inhibitors (n = 11), and nucleoside analogue RTIs (n = 12), mostly polymorphic mutations or revertants. In the integrase gene, four strains with accessory integrase strand transfer inhibitor mutations were identified. Sub-subtype A6 caused most of the infections (713/812; 87.8%) in all three countries, including in MSM. In contrast to earlier studies, no clear clusters related to the route of transmission were identified, indicating that, within the region, the exchange of viruses among the different risk groups may occur more often than earlier reported.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Eastern Europe and Russia

Klundert

Антонова²,

Teodoro

et al. 2022

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Subtype B was identified among MSM population and presently accounts for up to 2–5% of all HIV-1 cases ( Gashnikova et al, 2015 ; Pasechnik and Blokh, 2018 ; Lebedev et al, 2019 ). Recombinant form of subtype B and sub-subtype A6 - CRF03_AB caused several outbreaks among PWID in the Northwestern Russia ( Lebedev et al, 2020 ) and predominates alongside with the sub-subtype A6 ( Ozhmegova et al, 2020 ). HIV-1 genetic diversity in the Russian Far East is different from the rest of the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subtype B was identified among MSM population and presently accounts for up to 2-5% of all HIV-1 cases (Gashnikova et al, 2015;Pasechnik and Blokh, 2018;Lebedev et al, 2019). Recombinant form of subtype B and sub-subtype A6 -CRF03_AB caused several outbreaks among PWID in the Northwestern Russia (Lebedev et al, 2020) and predominates alongside with the sub-subtype A6 The table represents the size of transmission clusters, the maximum genetic distances between the sequences within the cluster, the region where the sequences were collected, and sequences collection dates. Genetic clusters were identified using Cluster Picker v1.2.3 with the maximum genetic distance of 0.03 and the branch support value ≥ 90.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This genetic variant predominates in most of the Russian territories ever since ( Bobkov et al, 2004 ; Thomson et al, 2009 ; Diez-Fuertes et al, 2015 ; Aibekova et al, 2018 ). In late-1990s, HIV-1 sub-epidemic among different high-risk groups was detected on the territories of the Russian Fast East ( Kazennova et al, 2014 ; Kotova et al, 2019 ) and European part of Russia ( Liitsola et al, 2000 ; Lebedev et al, 2020 ; Ozhmegova et al, 2020 ). Currently, along with the predominant sub-subtype A6, subtypes B, C, and CRF03_AB have been constantly identified ( Karamov et al, 2018 ; Pasechnik and Blokh, 2018 ; Kotova et al, 2019 ; Safina et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV-1 CRF63_02A6 sub-epidemic

Sivay

Maksimenko²,

Osipova³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HIV-1 epidemic in Russia is one of the fastest growing in the world reaching 1.14 million people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) in 2021. Since mid-1990s, the HIV-1 epidemic in Russia has started to grow substantially due to the multiple HIV-1 outbreaks among persons who inject drugs (PWID) leading to expansion of the HIV-1 sub-subtype A6 (former Soviet Union (FSU) subtype A). In 2006, a local HIV-1 sub-epidemic caused by the distribution of novel genetic lineage CRF63_02A6 was identified in Siberia. In this study, we used a comprehensive dataset of CRF63_02A6 pol gene sequences to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamic of the HIV-1 CRF63_02A6 sub-epidemic. This study includes all the available CRF63_02A6 HIV-1 pol gene sequences from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) HIV Sequence Database. The HIV-1 subtypes of those sequences were conferred using phylogenetic analysis, and two automated HIV-1 subtyping tools Stanford HIVdb Program and COMET. Ancestral state reconstruction and origin date were estimated using Nextstrain. Evolutionary rate and phylodynamic analysis were estimated using BEAST v 1.10.4. CRF63_02A6 was assigned for 872 pol gene sequences using phylogenetic analysis approach. Predominant number (n = 832; 95.4%) of those sequences were from Russia; the remaining 40 (4.6%) sequences were from countries of Central Asia. Out of 872 CRF63_02A6 sequences, the corresponding genetic variant was assigned for 75.7 and 79.8% of sequences by Stanford and COMET subtyping tools, respectively. Dated phylogenetic analysis of the CRF63_02A6 sequences showed that the virus most likely originated in Novosibirsk, Russia, in 2005. Over the last two decades CRF63_02A6 has been widely distributed across Russia and has been sporadically detected in countries of Central Asia. Introduction of new genetic variant into mature sub-subtype A6 and CRF02_AGFSU epidemics could promote the increase of viral genetic diversity and emergence of new recombinant forms. Further HIV-1 studies are needed due to a continuing rapid virus distribution. Also, the implementation of HIV-1 prevention programs is required to reduce HIV-1 transmission. This study also highlights the discrepancies in HIV-1 subtyping approaches. The reference lists of HIV-1 sequences implemented in widely used HIV-1 automated subtyping tools need to be updated to provide reliable results.

show abstract

“…In addition, new groups of susceptible individuals may be generated, affected by war, with potentially poor access to health care. Hence then an increased export of HIV from the Eastern region (most heavily HIV-affected region and where the war escalation started) to other Libyan regions are expected (18,19). The dual burdens of HIV/AIDS and armed conflict will be a major obstacle to development in the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of armed conflict on the prevalence and transmission dynamics of HIV Infection in Libya

Daw

El-Bouzedi

Ahmed

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The interrelationships between HIV/AIDS and armed conflict are a complex phenomenon and studies are rarely devoted to this area of research. Libya is the second-largest country in Africa that has been evoked with war since NATO intervention in 2011. The country has also experienced one of the largest HIV outbreaks associated with the Bulgarian Nurses saga. The effect of the armed conflict on the dynamic spread of HIV is not well known. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of armed conflict on the epidemiological situation of HIV infection in Libya and analyze the transmission dynamics of HIV strains during the conflict. We investigated the movement of HIV-infected people during the Libyan armed conflict and analyzed the HIV subtypes reported from 2011 to 2020 and followed up the infected cases all over the country. The patterns of HIV spread within the Libyan regions were traced and risk factors were determined during the conflict period. A total of 4539 HIV/AIDS patients were studied from the four regions during the Libyan conflict. Our data analysis indicated that Benghazi the biggest city in the Eastern region was the significant exporter of the virus to the rest of the country. Viral dissemination changes were observed within the country particularly after 2015. A major virus- flow from the Eastern region during the armed conflict associated with internally displaced people. This resulted in a dissemination of new HIV strains and accumulations of HIV cases in Western and Meddle regions. Although, there were no significant changes in the national prevalence of HIV/AIDS. Our data highlights the factors that complicated the spread and dissemination of HIV during the armed conflict which provides a better understanding of the interaction between them. This could be used to plan for effective preventive measures in tackling the spread of HIV in conflict and post-conflict settings.

show abstract

Prevalence and spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form 03_AB (CRF03_AB) in the Former Soviet Union countries

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Eastern Europe and Russia

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Eastern Europe and Russia

Spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV-1 CRF63_02A6 sub-epidemic

The impact of armed conflict on the prevalence and transmission dynamics of HIV Infection in Libya

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About