Prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A meta‐analysis

Sun, Chong; Qin, Wen; Zhang, Yuhui; Wu, Yan; Li, Qian; Liu, Mei; He, Chundi

doi:10.1111/1756-185x.13153

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It has previously been suggested that the risk of MetS in SLE is approximately double that of control populations. 13 The prevalence of MetS in our cohort was 29%, which is in line with the pooled prevalence of 26% reported in a recent meta-analysis of multinational SLE patients. 13 The prevalence of MetS in SLE has geographical variation, with patients from Europe and Asia having lower prevalence when compared with Africa and South America.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…13 The prevalence of MetS in our cohort was 29%, which is in line with the pooled prevalence of 26% reported in a recent meta-analysis of multinational SLE patients. 13 The prevalence of MetS in SLE has geographical variation, with patients from Europe and Asia having lower prevalence when compared with Africa and South America. 13 This is considered to be associated with a combination of genetic predisposition along with environmental and lifestyle factors, such as diet.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…13 The prevalence of MetS in SLE has geographical variation, with patients from Europe and Asia having lower prevalence when compared with Africa and South America. 13 This is considered to be associated with a combination of genetic predisposition along with environmental and lifestyle factors, such as diet. In addition, in common with worldwide trends in obesity, the prevalence of MetS in the general population has been steadily increasing since 2006, with a pooled prevalence in 2006-2010 of 23%, compared with a pooled prevalence after 2016 of 30%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 In a recent meta-analysis, the estimated pooled prevalence of MetS in patients with SLE was found to be 26%, with the prevalence in individual studies ranging between 3.3% and 45.2%. 13 Multiple associations of MetS in SLE have been described, including an older age at diagnosis, disease duration, disease activity, renal involvement, organ damage and glucocorticoid use, along with smoking. 12 However, no single parameter has consistently been demonstrated to be independently associated with MetS in SLE across studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of metabolic syndrome in SLE

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesTo characterise the prevalence and associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a multiethnic cohort of patients with SLE.MethodsUsing a standardised protocol, baseline demographics, per visit disease activity (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index-2K) and treatment data, and annual recording of organ damage accrual (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC-ACR) Damage Index) were captured on patients with SLE from a single tertiary centre. The presence of MetS, defined using modified updated joint consensus criteria, was assessed at the final visit from patient records. Serum concentrations of adipocytokines were measured by Quantibody.Results116 patients, with median (Q1, Q3) age at enrolment of 39.5 (31.4–51.1) years and disease duration of 6.1 (1.4–12) years, were followed for a median of 6.7 (4.1–8.1) years. The prevalence of MetS was 29% (34/116), while the prevalence of MetS components varied: hypertension (59%), low high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) (51%), hypertriglyceridaemia (32%), obesity (16%) and hyperglycaemia (22%). In univariable analysis, MetS was associated with baseline organ damage (OR 4.34; 95% CI 1.80 to 10.48; p<0.01) and organ damage accrual (OR 2.34; 95% CI 1.02 to 5.36; p=0.04) but not with disease activity. In multivariable analysis, baseline organ damage remained significantly associated with MetS (adjusted OR 3.36; 95% CI 1.32 to 8.59; p=0.01). Glucocorticoid use was not associated with MetS or any of its five components. High serum concentrations of resistin were significantly negatively associated with MetS (OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.70; p=0.014).ConclusionMetS was common in a multiethnic cohort of patients with SLE, with the most frequent components being hypertension and low HDL. An independent association was found between MetS and organ damage but not glucocorticoid exposure or disease activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of metabolic syndrome in SLE

et al. 2020

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“…SLE patients present a higher risk for developing MetS than healthy controls (HCs). 58,59 A multivariate analysis has associated MetS with disease activity and steroid exposure in a cohort of SLE patients. 60 Since MetS increases the risk of cardiovascular events in the general population, 61 it is also likely that SLE patients with MetS are also at higher risk for cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Lupus and Sys Temi C Me Tabolis Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic determinants of lupus pathogenesis

Teng

Brown

Choi

et al. 2020

Immunological Reviews

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The metabolism of healthy murine and more recently human immune cells has been investigated with an increasing amount of details. These studies have revealed the challenges presented by immune cells to respond rapidly to a wide variety of triggers by adjusting the amount, type, and utilization of the nutrients they import. A concept has emerged that cellular metabolic programs regulate the size of the immune response and the plasticity of its effector functions. This has generated a lot of enthusiasm with the prediction that cellular metabolism could be manipulated to either enhance or limit an immune response. In support of this hypothesis, studies in animal models as well as human subjects have shown that the dysregulation of the immune system in autoimmune diseases is associated with a skewing of the immunometabolic programs. These studies have been mostly conducted on autoimmune CD4 + T cells, with the metabolism of other immune cells in autoimmune settings still being understudied. Here we discuss systemic metabolism as well as cellular immunometabolism as novel tools to decipher fundamental mechanisms of autoimmunity. We review the contribution of each major metabolic pathway to autoimmune diseases, with a focus on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with the relevant translational opportunities, existing or predicted from results obtained with healthy immune cells. Finally, we review how targeting metabolic programs may present novel therapeutic venues. K E Y W O R D Sglucose, glutamine, lupus, metabolic inhibitors, metabolism

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