Prevalence and Risk Factors of Sinus and Nasal Allergies among Tannery Workers of Kanpur City

Kashyap, Gyan Chandra; Vishwakarma, Deepanjali; Singh, Shri Kant

doi:10.3390/sinusitis5010002

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…There is also a lack of ventilation, exposing workers to toxic dust. Akhtar and Shumul (2012, p. 141) echoing numerous other reports, including studies from India, Pakistan, Ethiopia, and Sudan (Butt et al, 2021;Chandrasekaran et al, 2014;Gebrekidan et al, 2013;Kashyap et al, 2021;Mahamudul Hasan et al, 2016;Mohamed & Musa, 2017;Shahzad et al, 2006) find that just 20% of Bangladeshi tanneries have adequate exhaust fans, only 30% wear shoes, 12% gloves, and just 4% aprons or masks. As a result, 90% of tannery workers die before the age of 50; 58% suffer from ulcers; 31% from skin diseases; 17% from malnutrition; 11% from rheumatic fever; 23% have persistent coughs; and 19% from jaundice.…”

Section: South Asia: With a Focus On Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 88%

Mitigating Tannery Pollution in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

Hira

Pacini

Attafuah-Wadee

et al. 2022

Journal of Developing Societies

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The global leather market is worth more than $270 billion annually, and provides an important and accessible source of manufacturing exports for countries in the South. Leather is the source for a range of apparel items, including handbags, belts, shoes, wallets, gloves, and various other products, such as furniture, car seats, and luggage. Behind all leather goods is the tannery industry, with much of the raw materials processing located in the Global South (Lund-Thomsen, 2009, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 90, p. 57). Unlike most synthetic fibers, which are derived from plastics and associated with the petrochemical industry, leather has the potential for a comparatively lighter footprint because it is based on natural and renewable materials not associated with the carbon emissions of fossil fuels. However, leather has suffered from various concerns, including animal rights and toxic effluents. It is ranked as the fourth most dangerous global industry to human health, with many tanneries in the South lacking basic protection for the workers and leaching toxic chromium into rivers (Green Cross and Pure Earth, 2016, World’s worst pollution problems: The toxics beneath our feet). This article explores the prospects for reducing the environmental footprint of tanneries in the Global South, focusing on the Sustainable Manufacturing and Environmental Pollution (SMEP) program, a series of projects in South Asia (SA) and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) that explore ways to reduce manufacturing pollution. The article lays out a series of technical and managerial interventions that would vastly reduce the negative impacts on human health and the natural environment.

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Section: South Asia: With a Focus On Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 88%

Mitigating Tannery Pollution in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

Hira

Pacini

Attafuah-Wadee

et al. 2022

Journal of Developing Societies

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“…Kashyap et al reported the prevalence of CRS amongst a general population of nontannery workers in a city in India to be 3.8%. 25 The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) released a study in 2012 estimating that 1 in 8 of the Indian population suffer from CRS. 26 In the urban areas of Bushehr, Iran, the overall CRS prevalence was 28.4% based on the EPOS criteria, while the self-reported physician-diagnosed CRS prevalence was 20.0%.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rapid industrialization with its consequent environmental changes, 25,55,56 increased socioeconomic status 57,58 and increased rates of obesity 59 have been proposed as possible reasons for this shift. However, the true mechanism behind these pathophysiological changes is still unclear, and further research is required.…”

Section: Eosinophilic Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thanaviratananich et al 24 reported a prevalence of 24.1% in Thailand, diagnosed using the SNOT‐20. Kashyap et al reported the prevalence of CRS amongst a general population of non‐tannery workers in a city in India to be 3.8% 25 . The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) released a study in 2012 estimating that 1 in 8 of the Indian population suffer from CRS 26 .…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and aetiology of chronic rhinosinusitis in Asia—A narrative review

Chee

Pang

Low

et al. 2022

Clinical Otolaryngology

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Background Despite having a similar prevalence to Western populations, literature on chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in the Asian population is sparse. There is limited data on the epidemiology and aetiology of CRS in Asia. Objectives To review the current literature on the epidemiology and aetiology of CRS in Asia. Methods This is a narrative review of published data on the epidemiology and aetiology of CRS. Studies on CRS in Asian countries, published in English and indexed on PubMed or Google Scholar were reviewed. Where available, data extracted included epidemiology, endotype and cytokine profiles and genetic profiles. Results and Conclusion The prevalence of CRS in Asia ranges widely from 2.1% to 28.4%. Type 2 inflammation has been reported in 5%–55% of Asian patients, with lower levels of Type 2 cytokines reported in head to head comparisons of Western versus Asian patients. Notably, there exists marked heterogeneity in criterion of the tissue eosinophilic infiltration for diagnosis of type 2 CRS. Our review suggests that differences in prevalence of CRS and proportion of eosinophilic CRS between Asia and Europe and the Americas requires further study. Large‐scale Asian studies utilising standardised definitions are needed to bridge this gap. Head to head genetic and microbiomal analysis may also be useful in understanding differences in CRS between the Asian and Western populations.

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“…A study estimated 134 million Indians suffer from CRS, the symptoms of which include debilitating headaches, fever, and nasal congestion and obstruction to name a few. In Indian population, CRS is more prevalent than diabetes, asthma, or coronary heart disease [6] . The overall direct cost related to CRS is estimated to range between $10 and $13 billion per year in the USA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Symptoms of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Objective Sino Nasal Examination: A Prospective Observational Study

Bhardwaj¹,

Thambidurai²

2023

International Journal of Medical Arts

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Article informationBackground: CT scan and Diagnostic nasal endoscopy [DNE] can both be used in diagnosis and management of Chronic rhinosinusitis [CRS]; however, it has been a matter of debate as to which of these two modalities is effective in terms of cost, ease off doing and better correlation Aim of the work:This study intends to correlate the severity of the symptoms of CRS with DNE and CT scan findings vis-a-vis correlating the scores between the two diagnostic modalities and concluding as to which off them is more effective. Materials and Methods:This was a prospective observational study done at a tertiary teaching hospital. Patients satisfying the diagnostic criteria of CRS by American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery were shortlisted for study. The duration of symptoms and severity score of all patients was recorded. All participants were then subjected to CT scan and DNE. The Qualitative and quantitative variables were compared with help of Spearman Rank correlation coefficient test. A p-value of < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. SPSS version 19.0 was used for analysis.Results: A total of 128 patients diagnosed with CRS participated in the study. There were 56 [43.7%] males and 73 [57.03%] females. Correlation was between all the parameters such as severity score and CT Scan scores, severity score and DNE scores, CT scan scores and DNE scores [right side, left side and bilateral combined] were statistically significant. Conclusion:In the patients who meet the symptoms criteria for diagnosis of CRS had high-level of diagnostic accuracy with both CT scan and DNE. Since both the test and symptoms severity correlates well, doing either one of them will suffice in diagnosis. DNE being readily available in Otolaryngology department can be chosen over CT scan thereby reducing cost and radiation exposure to patient.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Sinus and Nasal Allergies among Tannery Workers of Kanpur City

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Mitigating Tannery Pollution in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

Mitigating Tannery Pollution in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

Epidemiology and aetiology of chronic rhinosinusitis in Asia—A narrative review

Correlation of Symptoms of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Objective Sino Nasal Examination: A Prospective Observational Study

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