Prevalence and Risk Factors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

Ping, Phan Ai; Zakaria, Rosnani; Islam, Asiful; Yaacob, Lili Husniati; Muhamad, Rosediani; Mohamad, Wan Mohamad Zahiruddin Wan; Yusoff, Harmy Mohamed

doi:10.3390/ijerph18010305

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In agreement with our data, which points out an increased prevalence of LTBI among T2D patients ( Table 2 and Figure 2 ), some recent studies also have been reported the association of T2D patients and risk factors of LTBI ( 39 , 40 ). Also, we have observed that T2D patients have produced significant high levels of IFN-γ in response to Mtb-specific antigens from QFT-GIT when compared to non-DM individuals ( Figure 3B ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Screening of latent tuberculosis infection among patients with diabetes mellitus from a high-burden area in Brazil

Torres¹,

Corrêa²,

Bevilacqua³

et al. 2022

Front. Clin. Diabetes Healthc.

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Although several cohort studies have raised the important association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), evidences are limited and controversial. Furthermore, it is well documented that the poor glycemic control may exacerbate the risk for active TB. Thus, the monitoring of diabetic patients living in high-incidence areas for TB is an important concern in views of available diagnostic tests for LTBI. In this cross-sectional study, we estimate the association of DM and LTBI among diabetic patients classified as type-1 DM (T1D) or type-2 DM (T2D) living in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil – considered a high TB burden region of these country. Non-DM volunteers were included as endemic area healthy controls. All participants were screened for DM using glycosylated-hemoglobin (HbA1c) and for LTBI using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold in Tube (QFT-GIT). Demographic, socioeconomic, clinical and laboratorial data were also assessed. Among 553 included participants, 88 (15.9%) had QFT-GIT positive test, of which 18 (20.5%) were non-DM, 30 (34.1%) T1D and 40 (45.4%) T2D. After adjustments for potential baseline confounders, age, self-reported non-white skin color and an active TB case in the family were significantly associated with LTBI among the studied population by using a hierarchical multivariate logistic regression analysis. Additionally, we verified that T2D patients were able to produce significant increased interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) plasma levels in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens, when compared to non-DM individuals. Altogether, our data showed an increased prevalence of LTBI among DM patients, albeit non-statistically significant, and point out to important independent factors associated with LTBI, which deserve attention in monitoring patients with DM. Moreover, QFT-GIT test seems to be a good tool to screening LTBI in this population, even in a high TB burden area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Screening of latent tuberculosis infection among patients with diabetes mellitus from a high-burden area in Brazil

Torres¹,

Corrêa²,

Bevilacqua³

et al. 2022

Front. Clin. Diabetes Healthc.

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“…Regarding risk factors for tuberculosis, smoking is one of the most well-established, ( 15 ) as well as diabetes. ( 16 ) In our study, neither smoking (p = 0.059) nor diabetes (p = 1.000) were significantly associated with a positive reaction. Since diabetes was only identified through data from medical records, underreported diagnoses might have interfered with this association.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among patients with interstitial lung disease requiring immunosuppression

Dias

Storrer

2022

J Bras Pneumol.

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Objective: To characterize the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) requiring immunosuppression. Only 5 to 10% of individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis develop tuberculosis, and certain groups of patients have an increased risk of illness, such as the immunocompromised. Patients with ILDs are frequently treated with immunosuppressants and, therefore, might have a higher risk of developing the disease. Methods: Prospective study conducted at the ILD reference center of the Federal University of Paraná from January 2019 to December 2020. The screening of LTBI was performed with the use of the tuberculin skin test (TST). Results: The sample consisted of 88 patients, of whom 64.8% were women, with a mean age of 61.4 years. The most frequent diagnoses were autoimmune rheumatic disease ILD (38.6%) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (35.2%). The most common immunosuppressant in use at the time of the TST was prednisone, either in combination with mycophenolate (19.3%) or alone (17.1%). The majority of participants had fibrotic lung disease, characterized by a reticular interstitial pattern on chest computed tomography (79.5%) and moderate to severe functional impairment (mean FVC 69.2%). A prevalence of LTBI of 9.1% (CI 95%, 2.1%-15.1%) was found, with a TST median of 13. Conclusion: Patients with ILD who are treated with immunosuppressants are not commonly screened for LTBI, despite being under a greater risk of progression to active disease. This study suggests the need for a more cautious approach to these patients.

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“…In 2021, diabetes and its complications will cause 6.7 million deaths worldwide (2). The high mortality was mainly due to cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and infection in T2DM patients (3)(4)(5). People with impaired glucose tolerance have been shown to be at increased risk for the disease (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese People With Normal Glycemic Level: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundIt has been proved that triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) is a readily available and clinically significant indicator of insulin resistance (IR). Nevertheless, the association between TyG-BMI and incident Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains uncertain. This study aimed to study the relationship between TyG-BMI and T2DM and explore the predictive characteristics of TyG-BMI.MethodsOur study was conducted as a longitudinal cohort study. 8,430 men and 7,034 women were enrolled and analyzed. They were both non-diabetic subjects with normal glycemic levels. Follow-up lasted for 13 years, from 1994 to 2016. To make the number of TyG-BMI in each group similar, the subjects were divided into four groups with 3866 subjects in each group.ResultsDuring the 13-year follow-up period, 373 subjects were diagnosed with incident T2DM. Our multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that TyG-BMI was an independent predictor of incident T2DM. In addition, our research identified four specific groups, young people (18-44 years old), women, the non-hypertensive population and non-drinkers were at significantly higher risk of developing TyG-BMI-related diabetes (P-interaction< 0.05). The best threshold TyG-BMI for predicting incident T2DM was 197.2987 (area under the curve 0.7738).ConclusionsOur longitudinal cohort study demonstrated the positive correlation between baseline TyG-BMI and risk of incident T2DM in Japanese with normal glycemic levels, and this risk was significantly higher in the young people, women, the non-hypertensive population and non-drinkers.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Screening of latent tuberculosis infection among patients with diabetes mellitus from a high-burden area in Brazil

Screening of latent tuberculosis infection among patients with diabetes mellitus from a high-burden area in Brazil

Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among patients with interstitial lung disease requiring immunosuppression

Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese People With Normal Glycemic Level: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study

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