Prevalence and Risk Factors of Functional Dyspepsia in Health Check-up Population: A Nationwide Multicenter Prospective Study

Abstract

Background/AimsFunctional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, and FD imposes social and economic burden worldwide. The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence and risk factors of FD in health check-up population in tertiary centers in Korea.MethodsA nationwide multicenter prospective study was performed at 9 tertiary healthcare centers in Korea between September 2016 and June 2017. A total of 2525 subjects were investigated based on endoscopic findings and questionnaires with the Rome III criteria, and Helicobacter pylori serology (IgG).ResultsA total of 1714 subjects without organic disease were enrolled. The mean (± SD) age was 51.5 (± 12.7) years, and 917 patients (53.5%) were female. The proportion of H. pylori seropositivity was 51.0% (874/1714). The prevalence of FD was 10.3% (176/1714), and the subtypes of postprandial distress syndrome alone, epigastric pain syndrome alone, and postprandial distress syndrome-epigastric pain syndrome overlap were 4.8%, 3.0%, and 2.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that female gender (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.14–2.21) and education below college level (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.01–2.07) were related to FD. Multivariate analysis based on age 60 showed female gender as a significant (OR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.06–7.94) factor in the group ≥60 years.ConclusionsThe prevalence of FD was 10.3% in the health check-up population in Korea. Female sex and education below college level were risk factors for FD. Female sex is a risk factor for FD in old age, underscoring the need for close attention in this age group.

Self-reported symptoms of uninvestigated dypepsia among University staff in Ilorin, Nigeria

“…The worldwide pooled prevalence of uninvestigated dyspepsia was 20.8%, (12) however local prevalence rates were reported to vary widely according to population studied and symptom range used (16,19,21). Our study, though with a small sample size has the potential of depicting a situation closer to what exists in the community than what is offered by most studies which are largely hospital-based (15,17,18).…”

High-Salt Diet Gets Involved in Gastrointestinal Diseases through the Reshaping of Gastroenterological Milieu

“…GI hormones have a powerful and a wide-range function in the human body. HSD influences the endocrine of the local organ such as decreasing plasma levels of α-amylase and lipase, insulin which are secreted from pancreas [27], and also play a systemic role via gastro-renal axis or brain-gut axis [56,59]. The regulation of GI hormones is crucial for gut homeostasis in the treatment of HSD-related GI disorders.…”

“…Alternatively, HSD affects the colonic and small intestine mucosal immunity in mouse models by enhancing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as Rac1, Map2k1, Map2k6, Atf2, while suppressing cytokine and chemokine genes like Ccl3, Ccl4, Cxcl2, Cxcr4, Ccr7 [26]. In addition, studies also identified HSD as a risk factor for gastritis in models of mouse and human [7,8], also human functional dyspepsia [27], and gastric cancer of human [28][29][30][31]. High salt intake contributes to gastric toxicity because it decreases the viability of gastric epithelial cells, strips the lining of the stomach, alters the viscosity of the protective mucous barrier, thus permitting the entry of carcinogens into the stomach [29,32,33].…”

Functional dyspepsia in adolescents: particulars of its etiology, premorbid background, and a comprehensive treatment approach

“…показали, что острая и кислая пища вы-зывает появление у пациентов с функциональной диспепсией таких симптомов, как боль и чувство жжения в подложечной области, тогда как пища с высоким содержанием жиров способствует возникновению тяжести и чувства переполне-ния в эпигастрии [11]. В ходе многоцентрового проспективного исследования, проведенного в Корее, было установлено, что развитие симпто-мов функциональной диспепсии провоцирует употребление чрезмерно соленой пищи [16].…”