Prevalence and risk factors of mcr-1-positive volunteers after colistin banning as animal growth promoter in China: a community-based case–control study

Lv, Ziquan; Shen, Yingbo; Liu, Weiwen; Ye, Hailing; Liu, Dejun; Liu, Juan; Fu, Yulin; Peng, Changfeng; Chen, Kun; Deng, Xiangxiao; Liu, Bang; He, Jie; Lü, Yang; Xu, Chunyan; Cai, Chang; Wang, Yan; Ke, Yuebin; Shen, Jianzhong

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2021.06.033

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In both studies, the authors discussed the high amounts of COL used for animal breeding as a possible explanation for the high dissemination among the healthy community [103,104]. In line with this, a study from China observed a decrease in Ec carrying the COL resistance gene mcr in the gut of healthy adults from 11.5% in 2018 to 2.4% in 2019 following the ban of COL as a growth promoter in animal breeding in 2017 [105].…”

Section: Community Settingmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…With regard to the risk factors for people in the community, in some studies, regular contact with children and animals, and consumption of contaminated food (e.g., meat products and aquatic food) have been identified as risk factors for acquiring MDR-Ent [99,100,105,106,[111][112][113][114]. More importantly, international travel (see below), previous hospitalization, and general health status (e.g., underlying disease, extreme age group, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m 2 ) are significantly associated with the carriage of MDR bacteria (e.g., [67,111,115]).…”

Section: Community Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intestinal colonization with multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales: screening, epidemiology, clinical impact, and strategies to decolonize carriers

Campos-Madueno

Moradi

Eddoubaji

et al. 2023

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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The clinical impact of infections due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and/or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (Ent) has reached dramatic levels worldwide. Infections due to these multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens—especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae—may originate from a prior asymptomatic intestinal colonization that could also favor transmission to other subjects. It is therefore desirable that gut carriers are rapidly identified to try preventing both the occurrence of serious endogenous infections and potential transmission. Together with the infection prevention and control countermeasures, any strategy capable of effectively eradicating the MDR-Ent from the intestinal tract would be desirable. In this narrative review, we present a summary of the different aspects linked to the intestinal colonization due to MDR-Ent. In particular, culture- and molecular-based screening techniques to identify carriers, data on prevalence and risk factors in different populations, clinical impact, length of colonization, and contribution to transmission in various settings will be overviewed. We will also discuss the standard strategies (selective digestive decontamination, fecal microbiota transplant) and those still in development (bacteriophages, probiotics, microcins, and CRISPR-Cas-based) that might be used to decolonize MDR-Ent carriers.

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Section: Community Settingmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Community Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal colonization with multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales: screening, epidemiology, clinical impact, and strategies to decolonize carriers

Campos-Madueno

Moradi

Eddoubaji

et al. 2023

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…Underreporting of risk factors was decided to be neglected, as the questionnaire items did not refer to personality traits or require long-term recall. Recently, consumption of fish and seafood has also been suggested as a risk factor in healthy humans ( Lv et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and zoonotic transmission of mcr-positive and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales on German turkey farms

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThe emergence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria causing serious infections may lead to more frequent use of previously abandoned antibiotics like colistin. However, mobile colistin resistance genes (mcr) can jeopardise its effectiveness in both human and veterinary medicine. In Germany, turkeys have been identified as the food-producing animal most likely to harbour mcr-positive colistin-resistant Enterobacterales (mcr-Col-E). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of both mcr-Col-E and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in German turkey herds and humans in contact with these herds.MethodsIn 2018 and 2019, 175 environmental (boot swabs of turkey faeces) and 46 human stool samples were analysed using a combination of enrichment-based culture, PCR, core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) and plasmid typing.Resultsmcr-Col-E were detected in 123 of the 175 turkey farms in this study (70.3%). mcr-Col-E isolates were Escherichia coli (98.4%) and Klebsiella spp. (1.6%). Herds that had been treated with colistin were more likely to harbour mcr-Col-E, with 82.2% compared to 66.2% in untreated herds (p = 0.0298). Prevalence also depended on husbandry, with 7.1% mcr-Col-E in organic farms compared to 74.5% in conventional ones (p < 0.001). In addition, four of the 46 (8.7%) human participants were colonised with mcr-Col-E. mcr-Col-E isolates from stables had minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) from 4 to ≥ 32 mg/L, human isolates ranged from 4 to 8 mg/L. cgMLST showed no clonal transmission of isolates. For one farm, plasmid typing revealed great similarities between plasmids from an environmental and a human sample. No CPE were found in turkey herds or humans.DiscussionThese findings confirm that mcr-Col-E-prevalence is high in turkey farms, but no evidence of direct zoonotic transmission of clonal mcr-Col-E strains was found. However, the results indicate that plasmids may be transmitted between E. coli isolates from animals and humans.

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“…The global dissemination of the mcr genes among these pathogens is highly concerning, because they can be potentially transmitted from animals to humans, resulting in unsuccessful gram-negative bacterial infection treatment. Furthermore, the presence of resistance to colistin in fish has been reported ( Liu et al, 2020 ; Saharan, Verma & Singh, 2020 ), with a recent study indicating that the consumption of fish products was a risk factor for infection by bacteria harboring the mcr-1 gene among healthy Chinese ( Lv et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of colistin resistance and characterization of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors ofAeromonas hydrophila,Salmonellaspp., andVibrio choleraeisolated from hybrid red tilapia cage culture

Thaotumpitak

Sripradite

Atwill

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Background Tilapia is a primary aquaculture fish in Thailand, but little is known about the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella spp., and Vibrio cholerae colonizing healthy tilapia intended for human consumption and the co-occurrence of these AMR bacteria in the cultivation water. Methods This study determined the phenotype and genotype of AMR, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production, and virulence factors of A. hydrophila, Salmonella spp., and V. cholerae isolated from hybrid red tilapia and cultivation water in Thailand. Standard culture methods such as USFDA’s BAM or ISO procedures were used for the original isolation, with all isolates confirmed by biochemical tests, serotyping, and species-specific gene detection based on PCR. Results A total of 278 isolates consisting of 15 A. hydrophila, 188 Salmonella spp., and 75 V. cholerae isolates were retrieved from a previous study. All isolates of A. hydrophila and Salmonella isolates were resistance to at least one antimicrobial, with 26.7% and 72.3% of the isolates being multidrug resistant (MDR), respectively. All A. hydrophila isolates were resistant to ampicillin (100%), followed by oxytetracycline (26.7%), tetracycline (26.7%), trimethoprim (26.7%), and oxolinic acid (20.0%). The predominant resistance genes in A. hydrophila were mcr-3 (20.0%), followed by 13.3% of isolates having floR, qnrS, sul1, sul2, and dfrA1. Salmonella isolates also exhibited a high prevalence of resistance to ampicillin (79.3%), oxolinic acid (75.5%), oxytetracycline (71.8%), chloramphenicol (62.8%), and florfenicol (55.3%). The most common resistance genes in these Salmonella isolates were qnrS (65.4%), tetA (64.9%), blaTEM (63.8%), and floR (55.9%). All V. cholerae isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, while the most common resistance gene was sul1 (12.0%). One isolate of A. hydrophila was positive for int1, while all isolates of Salmonella and V. cholerae isolates were negative for integrons and intSXT. None of the bacterial isolates in this study were producing ESBL. The occurrence of mcr-3 (20.0%) in these isolates from tilapia aquaculture may signify a serious occupational and consumer health risk given that colistin is a last resort antimicrobial for treatment of Gram-negative bacteria infections. Conclusions Findings from this study on AMR bacteria in hybrid red tilapia suggest that aquaculture as practiced in Thailand can select for ubiquitous AMR pathogens, mobile genetic elements, and an emerging reservoir of mcr and colistin-resistant bacteria. Resistant and pathogenic bacteria, such as resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline, or MDR Salmonella circulating in aquaculture, together highlight the public health concerns and foodborne risks of zoonotic pathogens in humans from cultured freshwater fish.

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Prevalence and risk factors of mcr-1-positive volunteers after colistin banning as animal growth promoter in China: a community-based case–control study

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Intestinal colonization with multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales: screening, epidemiology, clinical impact, and strategies to decolonize carriers

Intestinal colonization with multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales: screening, epidemiology, clinical impact, and strategies to decolonize carriers

Epidemiology and zoonotic transmission of mcr-positive and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales on German turkey farms

Emergence of colistin resistance and characterization of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors ofAeromonas hydrophila,Salmonellaspp., andVibrio choleraeisolated from hybrid red tilapia cage culture

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