Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Saudi Diabetics in Majmaah City

Alabdulwahhab, Khalid

doi:10.21767/amj.2016.2783

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[ 5 ] The prevalence ranged from 19.7% to 26.1% in the central region, whereas studies in other regions of Saudi Arabia suggested a prevalence ranging from 27.8% to 36.4%. [ 6 7 8 9 10 ] Previous studies have shown that there are multiple risk factors that may lead to DR and its progression, including the age and type of DM, genetic susceptibility, ethnicity, blood glucose control, body mass index (BMI), lipid levels, pregnancy, puberty, cataract surgery, hypertension, nephropathy, type of DM and duration. [ 11 12 13 14 ] Insulin resistance in the absence of overt hyperglycemia could be an early driver of retinopathy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among Saudis with diabetes type 2 in Riyadh city

Alluhaymid

Al-Otaibi

Alotaibi

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Objective: To assess awareness of diabetic retinopathy (DR) for Saudis with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 in Riyadh City. Methods: A cross-sectional study that used self-administered questionnaires conducted in primary healthcare centers in Riyadh City between October and December 2019. Results: There were 267 Saudi participants with diabetes mellitus type 2 visiting primary healthcare clinics. (52.4%) were aged 40 years or above at time of diagnosis with diabetes. (73%) had diabetes for at least 5 years. Most of the participants have a good blood glucose control and they do home measurements. In regard to DR, (64.4%) of participants had no subjective or objective indicators of retinopathy, and (70%) had visited ophthalmology clinics. Majority of the participants were advised about DR or referred to an ophthalmologist by their primary physician, with the percentages being (64.8%) and (59.6%), respectively. Regarding other risk factors of DR, (19.5%) had a family history of DR, (23.2%) of participant are smokers and (41.6%) were hypertensives. Majority of the participants were aware about all the aspects of DR, its consequences, and appropriate management except the laser therapy. In terms of area of living and education respondents, who lived in the center of Riyadh City and the secondary level or less educated participants had the lowest level of education. Conclusions: Awareness of DR is acceptable but should not lead this information to reduced awareness and educational programs. Outreach researchers' efforts should cover other directions instead awareness of DR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among Saudis with diabetes type 2 in Riyadh city

Alluhaymid

Al-Otaibi

Alotaibi

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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“…A written informed consent was obtained from all participants before interview and examination. This being part of a major study, details of recruitment, population, sample size calculation and assessment methods are described in details in our previous publication (Alabdulwahhab, 2016). Briefly, the study population was 1,546 Saudi adults, enrolled in the diabetic registry of six PHCs in the Al Majmaah city of central Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between myopia and diabetic retinopathy in Saudi diabetics - A cross sectional study

Alabdulwahhab¹

2017

IJALS

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Several factors have been identified as determinants for the development of DR and its progression, including, type and duration of DM, age, gender, glycemic control, hypertension, the body mass index (BMI), smoking, serum lipids and presence of microalbuminuria (MA) (Cai et al., 2006; Parving et al., 2006). Myopia was suggested to have a beneficial effect against DR as early as 1965 by IS (Jain et al., 1965). Subsequently, several researchers also noted this association, but the underlying cause remained debatable (Wang et al., 2016; Yu Fu et al., 2016). Myopia is a common ocular condition affecting approximately 1.6 billion people worldwide and its prevalence is expected to reach 2.5 billion by the year

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“…Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the number one cause of blindness in people between 27 and 75 years of age. Prevalence of DR is around 25% and 90% at 5 and 20 years, respectively, from diagnosis; it is calculated that 191 million people will be diagnosed with this micro-vascular complication by the year 2030 (3) . Through the last three decades, extensive scientific reports have shown ROS to play an important role in DM complications such as diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy due to alterations on the biomechanisms involved in the instauration and progression of micro-vascular complications (4) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation the Role of Malondialdehyde in Occurrence and Development of Diabetic Retinopathy Patients

Khalaf¹,

Ahmeid²,

Jabar³

2021

MLU

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Case control study was carried out in Salah-Addin city in private ophthalmology clinic from 1st November of 2019 to End february 2020. The study included 90 individuals including sixty diabetic patients (30 who had retinopathy and 30 without retinopathy) and 30 healthy individuals to evaluate the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in diabetic patients with and without retinopathy and healthy controls. All patients were aged between (51-82) years, with a negative history of antioxidant supplementation consumption. Blood samples were collected from each patients and controls to evaluate the levels of malondialdehyde and HbA1c by using immunofluorescence technique. The study showed that majority of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients were females and the highest mean of age was recorded in diabetic retinopathy patients (60.76±7.25 year) compared with diabetic without retinopathy patients (58.31±9.19 year). The study displayed that the highest mean of MDA was recorded in DR patients as compared with diabetic without retinopathy patients (390.37±108.68 vs 336.97±94.95 ng/ml), although the result was non-significant (P: > 0.05). The study showed that the highest mean of MDA was in DR patients (390.37±108.68 ng/ml) followed by diabetic without retinopathy patients (336.97±94.95 ng/ml) and the lowest mean was in healthy individuals (293.32±42.51 ng/ml), (P: < 0.05). The study showed that, HbA1c was elevated significantly (P<0.05) in diabetic retinopathy patients (9.26±1.54) compared with diabetic without retinopathy patients (7.84±1.02). The present study displayed that the highest mean of duration of DM was recorded in diabetic retinopathy patients (13.48±6.00) compared with Diabetic without retinopathy patients (6.34±2.78), the result was significant (P:<0.05). The study showed negative correlation between HbA1c and BMI in DR patients; and no correlation between HbA1c and BMI in DM patients without retinopathy, The study showed negative correlation between MDA and HbA1c in DR patients and no correlation in DM patients without retinopathy. Conclusion:Long duration of DM and the old age were risk factors for DR, poor control of was more disposed to develop retinopathy and oxidative stress is still higher in diabetic patients with retinopathy than patients without retinopathy.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Saudi Diabetics in Majmaah City

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among Saudis with diabetes type 2 in Riyadh city

Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among Saudis with diabetes type 2 in Riyadh city

Association between myopia and diabetic retinopathy in Saudi diabetics - A cross sectional study

Evaluation the Role of Malondialdehyde in Occurrence and Development of Diabetic Retinopathy Patients

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