Prevalence and risk factors of disability and anxiety in a retrospective cohort of 432 survivors of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (Covid-19) from China

Abstract

Objective To estimate the prevalence of disability and anxiety in Covid-19 survivors at discharge from hospital and analyze relative risk by exposures. Design Multi-center retrospective cohort study. Setting Twenty-eight hospitals located in eight provinces of China. Methods A total of 432 survivors with laboratory-confirmed SARS CoV-2 infection participated in this study. At discharge, we assessed instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) with Lawton’s IADL scale, dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) with the Barthel Index, and anxiety with Zung’s self-reported anxiety scale. Exposures included comorbidity, smoking, setting (Hubei vs. others), disease severity, symptoms, and length of hospital stay. Other risk factors considered were age, gender, and ethnicity (Han vs. Tibetan). Results Prevalence of at least one IADL problem was 36.81% (95% CI: 32.39–41.46). ADL dependence was present in 16.44% (95% CI: 13.23–20.23) and 28.70% (95% CI: 24.63–33.15) were screened positive for clinical anxiety. Adjusted risk ratio (RR) of IADL limitations (RR 2.48, 95% CI: 1.80–3.40), ADL dependence (RR 2.07, 95% CI 1.15–3.76), and probable clinical anxiety (RR 2.53, 95% CI 1.69–3.79) were consistently elevated in survivors with severe Covid-19. Age was an additional independent risk factor for IADL limitations and ADL dependence; and setting (Hubei) for IADL limitations and anxiety. Tibetan ethnicity was a protective factor for anxiety but a risk factor for IADL limitations. Conclusion A significant proportion of Covid-19 survivors had disability and anxiety at discharge from hospital. Health systems need to be prepared for an additional burden resulting from rehabilitation needs of Covid-19 survivors.

A systematic review of neuropsychological and psychiatric sequalae of COVID-19: implications for treatment

“…Of 33 studies, 25 included anxiety assessments. Estimates of clinical anxiety among patients with COVID-19 were broad and ranged from 5.0 to 55.2% [ 11 ▪ , 13 ▪▪ , 14 ▪▪ , 16 – 21 , 24 – 26 , 28 , 29 ▪ , 30 – 35 , 36 ▪▪ , 37 – 40 ]. Among hospitalized survivors, rates of anxiety ranged from 5.0 to 47.8% postdischarge, while some reported only subclinical symptoms of anxiety [ 26 ].…”

Czy ozdrowieńcy COVID-19 to przyszli pacjenci psychiatrów i psychologów? Szybki przegląd literatury naukowej

“…Należy się spodziewać, że osoby, które przeżyły COVID-19, są bardziej zagrożone na zaburzenia psychiatryczne, a jednocześnie obecność diagnozy psychopatologicznej może stanowić czynnik ryzyka COVID-19 [8]. U osób wypisywanych ze szpitala można się spodziewać objawów podwyższonego poziomu lęku, a u niektórych oznak utraty samodzielności życiowej [9]. W szczególności dotyczy to osób leczonych na oddziałach intensywnej opieki medycznej, sztucznie wentylowanych [10].…”

“…samodzielności życiowej [9]. Najwięcej zaburzeń dotyczyło osób po 65. roku życia [8], choć w przypadku objawów PTSD wiek poniżej 60. roku życia, okazał się jednym z istotnych czynników ryzyka [15].…”

Novel сoronavirus infectious disease COVID-19: features of comprehensive cardiac and respiratory rehabilitation

“…Больные COVID-19 не являются исключением. У них манифестируются психологические проблемы и психологическая дисфункция разной степени в виде таких симптомов, как сожаление и негодование, одиночество и беспомощность, растерянность и бессилие, раздражение и нарушение сна, депрессия и тревожность, чувство страха перед смертью и/или повторным инфицированием, а также возможны панические атаки [39]. Примерно у 48% больных COVID-19, изолированных в боксах на ранней стадии госпитализации, выявлялся сильный стресс [2].…”

“…https://doi.org/10.26442/22217185.2021.2.200840 выявлении тревожных расстройств и депрессии [40]. Клиническая симптоматика в виде астено-невротических расстройств, тревожности, симптомов депрессии, чувства страха, бессонницы, агрессии, одиночества может развиваться и у больных с легким течением COVID-19 в период изолированного лечения [39].…”