Prevalence and Risk Factors of Carotid Plaque Among Middle-aged and Elderly Adults in Rural Tianjin, China

Zhan, Chesheng; Shi, Min; Yang, Ying; Pang, Haijun; Fei, Shizao; Bai, Lingling; Liu, Bin; Tu, Jun; Huo, Yong; Ning, Xianjia; Zhang, Yan; Wang, Jinghua

doi:10.1038/srep23870

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Similar to many previous studies,22, 33, 34, 35, 36 we found that traditional risk factors, including older age, male sex, smoking, physical inactivity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, were significantly associated with CA. Of all risk factors, aging was strongly associated with atherosclerotic lesions 36, 37, 38.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Carotid Atherosclerosis Detected by Ultrasonography: A National Cross‐Sectional Study

Wang¹,

Li²,

Song

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundCarotid atherosclerosis (CA) is a reflector of generalized atherosclerosis that is associated with systemic vascular disease. Data are limited on the epidemiology of carotid lesions in a large, nationally representative population sample. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CA detected by carotid ultrasonography and related risk factors based on a national survey in China.Methods and ResultsA total of 107 095 residents aged ≥40 years from the China National Stroke Prevention Project underwent carotid ultrasound examination. Participants with carotid endarterectomy or carotid stenting and those with stroke or coronary heart disease were excluded. Data from 84 880 participants were included in the analysis. CA was defined as increased intima–media thickness (IMT) ≥1 mm or presence of plaques. Of the 84 880 participants, 46.4% were men, and the mean age was 60.7±10.3 years. The standardized prevalence of CA was 36.2% overall, increased with age, and was higher in men than in women. Prevalence of CA was higher among participants living in rural areas than in urban areas. Approximately 26.5% of participants had increased IMT, and 13.9% presented plaques. There was an age‐related increase in participants with increased IMT, plaque presence, and stenosis. In multiple logistic regression analysis, older age, male sex, residence in rural areas, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were associated with CA.Conclusions CA was highly prevalent in a middle‐aged and older Chinese population. This result shows the potential clinical importance of focusing on primary prevention of atherosclerosis progression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Carotid Atherosclerosis Detected by Ultrasonography: A National Cross‐Sectional Study

Wang¹,

Li²,

Song

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…These studies have explored the association between traditional cardiovascular or cerebrovascular risk factors, such as serum lipid parameter, age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and CPs or CIMT. It was agreed consistently that these risk factors increased the presence of CPs and CIMT (Calmarza, Trejo, Lapresta, & Lopez, 2015; Panayiotou et al., 2013; Tiozzo et al., 2014; Touboul et al., 2011; Yang et al., 2014; Zhan et al., 2016). In this study, the independent risk factors of CP were male gender, age, high FBG and LDL‐C levels, stroke, diabetes, hypertension and smoking; the risk factors of CCAIMT were male gender, age, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, AF or valvulopathy and smoking, whereas alcohol use was associated with a lower risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are studies that have analyzed the presence of CIMT and CPs in different populations (Ghouri et al., 2015; Giannopoulos et al., 2013; Hogberg, Kragsterman, Bjorck, Tjarnstrom, & Wanhainen, 2014; Zhan et al., 2016), studies about the number of CPs and the side of the CCAIMT are scarce, and the data on the risk factors of CP and CCAIMT in a high‐stroke‐risk population are also limited. In the present study, we aim to explore the characteristics of CP and CCAIMT risk factors among a high‐stroke‐risk population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors of carotid plaque and carotid common artery intima‐media thickening in a high‐stroke‐risk population

Wang

Zang

2017

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionTo analyze the risk factors of carotid plaque (CP) and carotid common artery intima‐media thickening (CCAIMT) and the association between the risk factors and CP numbers and the side of the CCAIMT in a high‐stroke‐risk population.MethodsCarotid ultrasonography was conducted in 2025 participants with high stroke risk. Participants were divided into different groups according to the results of the ultrasound. The risk factors and blood biochemical indices were recorded.ResultsThe presence of CP and CCAIMT were 38.9% and 24.8% respectively. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that the risk factors of CP were age, high LDL‐C and FBG levels, male gender, stroke, diabetes, hypertension, and tobacco use. Compared with participants without CPs, the participants who were male, and older in age, with risk factors of tobacco use, diabetes, high LDL‐C levels, and a family history of hypertension were likely to have a single CP, whereas the participants with risk factors of tobacco use, diabetes, hypertension, male gender, older age, high LDL‐C levels, stroke and AF or valvulopathy were prone to have multiple CPs. The risk factors of CCAIMT were male gender, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, AF or valvulopathy, tobacco use and age. Compared with the N‐CCAIMT subgroup, the risk factors of left CCAIMT were tobacco use, diabetes, male gender, and age. The risk factors of right CCAIMT were male gender, high FBG levels, age, AF or valvulopathy. The risk factors of dual CCAIMT were high frequency of drinking milk, tobacco use, male gender, age, stroke, and hypertension.ConclusionThese findings revealed the risk factors of CP and CCAIMT, and an association between the risk factors and the CP numbers and the side of the CCAIMT.

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“…Women in China, especially those in rural areas, have greater longevity and are more likely to be less educated. Previous studies have reported a high prevalence of conventional risk factors in this population [8][9][10][11]. However, sex differences in the prevalence of CIND and its associated risk factors among rural residents in China are unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sex Differences in the Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Cognitive Impairment No Dementia among the Elderly in a Rural Area of Northern China: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2018

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Background/Aims: The burden of dementia among women in China, especially among women from rural areas, has increased due to their longevity and lower education levels compared with that among men. Thus, we aimed to assess sex differences in the prevalence of cognitive impairment and its relevant determinants among rural residents in North China. Methods: Adults aged 60 years and older with cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND) were recruited to this study. Demographic characteristics, traditional risk factors, and lifestyle characteristics were obtained and analyzed on the basis of sex. Results: There were 1,295 individuals with CIND (489 [37.8%] men and 806 [62.2%] women). The prevalence of CIND was 23.3% overall (19.8% for men, 26.1% for women; p < 0.001). Age, education level, history of stroke, and social activity were significantly associated with CIND for both men and women. Widowed status compared to married status was an independent risk factor for CIND in men (OR [95% CI] 1.50 [1.14–1.98]; p = 0.004). Conclusion: These findings suggest that it is crucial to address the secondary prevention of stroke and to consider the psychological status among the elderly with low educational attainment in order to reduce the burden of CIND in China.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Carotid Plaque Among Middle-aged and Elderly Adults in Rural Tianjin, China

Cited by 44 publications

References 45 publications

Carotid Atherosclerosis Detected by Ultrasonography: A National Cross‐Sectional Study

Carotid Atherosclerosis Detected by Ultrasonography: A National Cross‐Sectional Study

Risk factors of carotid plaque and carotid common artery intima‐media thickening in a high‐stroke‐risk population

Sex Differences in the Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Cognitive Impairment No Dementia among the Elderly in a Rural Area of Northern China: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

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