Prevalence and Risk Factors of Burden Among Caregivers of Older Patients in the Emergency Department The Caregiver Burden of Acutely Presenting Older Patients

Abstract

BACKGROUND The number of older individuals that live independently at home is rising. These older individuals often rely on caregivers who typically have a similar age and health status. Therefore, caregivers may experience a high burden. We determined the prevalence and risk factors of burden among caregivers of older patients in the emergency department (ED). Methods a prospective observational cohort study of primary caregivers of patients aged ≥ 70 years visiting the ED of a Dutch teaching hospital. Structured interviews were conducted with patients and their caregivers. Caregiver burden was measured using the caregiver strain index (CSI). Additionally, data from medical records were extracted to determine potential risk factors. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to identify independent determinants for burden. RESULTS A primary caregiver was reported by 200 of 628 included ED patients. The mean age of patients with a caregiver was 82 (SD 6.7) years and the mean age of the caregivers was 66 (SD 12.4) years. Seventy-eight caregivers (39%) experienced a high burden. Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between high caregiver burden and patients with cognitive impairment or dependency for instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and more self-reported hours of care per day. CONCLUSION Almost 40% of older patients in the ED have a caregiver who experiences a high burden. Formal assessment in the ED may help provide adequate care to the patients and their caregivers.