Prevalence and Risk Factors for Lens Opacities in Nigeria: Results of the National Blindness and Low Vision Survey

Abdull, Mohammed M; Rabiu, Mansur; Gilbert, Clare; Selvaraj, Sudhakar; Ezelum, Christian; Entekume, Gabriel

doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10303

Cited by 27 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…The KOS completed the five-year ophthalmic survey project in 2012, accompanying the 2008–2012 KNHANES, and the present results are reported on behalf of the KOS. Since previous epidemiologic studies for cataract and cataract surgery vary considerably across regions, racial/ethnic groups, population structures, economic status, and healthcare systems ( 9 10 11 12 13 ), the results of this study are expected to provide a meaningful stepping stone for future investigations and establishing a public health plan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without appropriate cataract surgery, the effect of cataract on vision in an aged population can be easily guessed ( 1 ). Historically, the association between sex and cataract has not been consistent, showing either no association ( 11 ) or a higher incidence in women ( 13 ). Differences in ethnicity, public health states, childbearing rates, and socioeconomic status may play a role in these various associations ( 11 , 12 , 14 15 16 17 18 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cataract and Cataract Surgery: Nationwide Prevalence and Clinical Determinants

et al. 2016

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This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical determinants of cataract and cataract surgery in Korean population. The 2008–2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was analyzed, which included 20,419 participants aged ≥ 40 years. The survey is a multistage, probability-cluster survey, which can produce nationally representative estimates. Prevalence of cataract and cataract surgery was estimated. Clinical determinants for those were investigated using logistic regression analyses (LRAs). The prevalence of cataract was 42.28% (95% confidence interval [CI], 40.67–43.89); 40.82% (95% CI, 38.97–42.66) for men and 43.62% (95% CI, 41.91–45.33) for women (P = 0.606). The prevalence of cataract surgery was 7.75% (95% CI, 7.30–8.20); 6.38% (95% CI, 5.80–6.96) for men and 9.01% (95% CI, 8.41–9.61) for women (P < 0.001). Cataract was associated with older age (P < 0.001), men (P = 0.032), lower household income (P = 0.031), lower education (P < 0.001), hypertension (P < 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (DM) (P < 0.001). Cataract surgery was consistently associated with older age, occupation, DM, asthma, and anemia in two LRAs, which compared participants with cataract surgery to those without cataract surgery and those having a cataract but without any cataract surgery, respectively. Hypertension, arthritis, and dyslipidemia were associated with cataract surgery at least in one of these LRAs. These results suggest that there are 9.4 million individuals with cataract and 1.7 million individuals with cataract surgery in Korea. Further studies are warranted to reveal the causality and its possible mechanism of developing/exacerbating cataract in novel determinants (i.e., anemia, asthma, and arthritic conditions) as well as well-known determinants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cataract and Cataract Surgery: Nationwide Prevalence and Clinical Determinants

et al. 2016

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“…Previous studies have showed that ARC occurs more common in female than male[ 3 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. In our present study, female gender was also found as independent risk factors for cortical and nuclear cataract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Outdoor Activity and Age-Related Cataract in a Rural Population of Taizhou Eye Study: Phase 1 Report

Tang

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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PurposeTo study the relationship between outdoor activity and risk of age-related cataract (ARC) in a rural population of Taizhou Eye Study (phrase 1 report).MethodA population-based, cross-sectional study of 2006 eligible rural adults (≥45 years old) from Taizhou Eye Study was conducted from Jul. to Sep. 2012. Participants underwent detailed ophthalmologic examinations including uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), slit lamp and fundus examinations as well as questionnaires about previous outdoor activity and sunlight protection methods. ARC was recorded by LOCSⅢ classification system. The prevalence of cortical, nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract were assessed separately for the risk factors and its association with outdoor activity.ResultsOf all 2006 eligible participants, 883 (44.0%) adults were diagnosed with ARC. The prevalence rates of cortical, nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract per person were 41.4%, 30.4% and 1.5%, respectively. Women had a higher tendency of nuclear and cortical cataract than men (OR = 1.559, 95% CI 1.204–2.019 and OR = 1.862, 95% CI 1.456–2.380, respectively). Adults with high myopia had a higher prevalence of nuclear cataract than adults without that (OR = 2.528, 95% CI 1.055–6.062). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that age was risk factor of nuclear (OR = 1.190, 95% CI 1.167–1.213) and cortical (OR = 1.203, 95% CI 1.181–1.226) cataract; eyes with fundus diseases was risk factor of posterior subcapsular cataract (OR = 6.529, 95% CI 2.512–16.970). Outdoor activity was an independent risk factor of cortical cataract (OR = 1.043, 95% CI 1.004–1.083). The risk of cortical cataract increased 4.3% (95% CI 0.4%-8.3%) when outdoor activity time increased every one hour. Furthermore, the risk of cortical cataract increased 1.1% (95% CI 0.1%-2.0%) when cumulative UV-B exposure time increased every one year.ConclusionOutdoor activity was an independent risk factor for cortical cataract, but was not risk factor for nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract. The risk of cortical cataract increased 4.3% when outdoor activity time increased every one hour. In addition, the risk of cortical cataract increased 1.1% (95% CI 0.1%-2.0%) when cumulative UV-B exposure time increased every one year.

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“…Cataracts are the result of opacity (clouding) in the crystalline lens, blocking the transmission of light that reaches the retina. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) it is the number one leading cause of reversible vision loss; although it is reversible by means of appropriate interventions, WHO estimates that, worldwide, cataracts are the cause of approximately 50% of the cases of blindness ( Mahdi et al, 2014 ; Patil et al, 2014 ). Due to the increase of life expectancy that leads to progressive expansion of the elderly population, the National Eye Institute, estimates the number of people in the U.S. with cataract will double by the 2050, from the current 24.4 million to about 50 million cases.…”

Section: Cataractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics in the Eye: An Overview of the Most Relevant Ocular Diseases

2017

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Sight for mammals is one of the most appreciated senses. In humans there are several factors that contribute to the increment in all kind of eye diseases. This mini-review will focus on some diseases whose prevalence is steadily increasing year after year for non-genetic reasons, namely cataracts, dry eye, and glaucoma. Aging, diet, inflammation, drugs, oxidative stress, seasonal and circadian style-of-live changes are impacting on disease prevalence by epigenetics factors, defined as stable heritable traits that are not explained by changes in DNA sequence. The mini-review will concisely show the data showing epigenetics marks in these diseases and on how knowledge on the epigenetic alterations may guide therapeutic approaches to have a healthy eye.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Lens Opacities in Nigeria: Results of the National Blindness and Low Vision Survey

Abstract: A fifth of Nigerian adults have some degree of lens opacity. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of ethnicity, climate variables, and other risk factors.

Cited by 27 publications

References 40 publications

Cataract and Cataract Surgery: Nationwide Prevalence and Clinical Determinants

Cataract and Cataract Surgery: Nationwide Prevalence and Clinical Determinants

The Association of Outdoor Activity and Age-Related Cataract in a Rural Population of Taizhou Eye Study: Phase 1 Report

Epigenetics in the Eye: An Overview of the Most Relevant Ocular Diseases

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