Prevalence and Risk Factors associated with Impaired Fasting Glucose in Adults from Maracaibo City, Venezuela

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in adult individuals from Maracaibo city, Venezuela. Materials and methods:2230 patients from the Maracaibo Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study were selected. IFG was defined according to the 2016 ADA criteria. A multiple logistic regression model was constructed in order to assess risk factors associated with IFG. Results:In the general population, the prevalence of IFG was 19.5% (n=435), with 46.4% (n=202) being women and 53.6% (n=233) being men, p=0.004. The main risk factors associated with IFG were age (≥60 years: OR=2.31; CI 95%=1.23-4.35; p<0.01), alcohol consumption, abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. After evaluating individuals with IFG exclusively, the major risk factor was the presence of elevated high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein levels (OR=2.03; CI 95%=1.13-3.67; p<0.02). Conclusions:In Maracaibo the prevalence of IFG is similar to that of international reports. It is associated with a variety of risk factors, especially abdominal obesity, insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation, demonstrating the close link between adiposopathy and alterations in glucose metabolism.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Impaired Fasting Glucose in Egyptian Adults , Menoufia Governorate

“…In the current study, IFG was slightly higher in males (52.5) than females (47.5), which constituted no statistical significant difference between normal and impaired fasting groups. This finding disagrees with studies done by [15,19], who reported significant increase in males and agrees with some other studies [20,21] who reported no significant difference between the sexes.…”

“…The association between hypertension and prediabetes has been reported in many previous studies [6,9,36]. Some studies [15,20] found similar results regarding significant association of BMI on Fasting blood glucose. This disagrees with Sahai et al, 2011[37], as the notable finding in their study was the significantly higher prevalence of IFG among the low body weight population, raising the possibility of a higher prevalence of insulin deficient state .…”

“…Another study in Taiwan [19], had a prevalence of IFG so much higher (35.8%), while that of a USA study was 26% [20]. In Venezuela, prevalence of undiagnosed DM2 was 8.4% and that of IFG was 19.5% of their study population (2,230 individuals) [15]. Sinnott et al, [19] in their screening study for diabetes and prediabetes in Irish adults, reported a prevalence of IFG at 7.1% which is nearly similar to our finding , but they reported prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes at 1.8 % and 2.9 % for impaired glucose tolerance which is lower than this study.…”

“…A study reported hypertensive subjects had a 2.33 times higher risk of IFG(6). Bermúdez et al, [15] found hypertension to be a risk factor for IFG, however this co-relation between hypertension and alteration of IFG depends on other factors different from IR, such as a certain level of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Diaz-Redonodo et al, [6] reported that hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-Cholesterol levels were also seen to be associated with prediabetes.…”

“…Hao et al, 2014 [26], reported that impaired fasting glucose was prevalent among those of high socio-economic status in eastern China. Some studies reported no significant association between IFG and socio-economic standard of studied participants [15,22]. Aktar et al, [21] observed a positive association of educational level and socioeconomic standard with diabetes.…”