Prevalence and prognostic impact of anemia and iron deficiency in patients hospitalized in an internal medicine ward: The <scp>PRO</scp>‐<scp>IRON</scp> study

Fonseca, Cândida; Araújo, Maria Teresa Martins de; Moniz, Patrícia; Marquês, Filipa; Araújo, Inês; Costa, Leonardo; Rodrigues, José Feliciano; Frade, Luciana; Botella, Arturo; Jesus, Susana; Leitão, Ana; Campos, Luís

doi:10.1111/ejh.12963

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Our hospital-based study provides further support to these data, as our observations are in line with the percentage of anemia in geriatric patients as reported in other hospital-based studies [27], confirms the high prevalence of anemia in hospitalized patients [28][29][30][31] and its impact on the duration of hospital stay, on the number of re-admissions and, ultimately, on mortality.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and Causes of Anemia in Hospitalized Patients: Impact on Diseases Outcome

Randi

Bertozzi

Sommer

et al. 2020

JCM

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Anemia is extremely common in hospitalized patients who are old and often with multiple diseases. We evaluated 435 consecutive patients admitted in the internal medicine department of a hub hospital and 191 (43.9%) of them were anemic. Demographic, historic and clinical data, laboratory tests, duration of hospitalization, re-admission at 30 days and death were recorded. Patients were stratified by age (<65, 65–80, >80 years), anemia severity, and etiology of anemia. The causes of anemia were: iron deficiency in 28 patients, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies in 6, chronic inflammatory diseases in 80, chronic kidney disease in 15, and multifactorial in 62. The severity of the clinical picture at admission was significantly worse (p < 0.001), length of hospitalization was longer (p < 0.001) and inversely correlated to the Hb concentration, re-admissions and deaths were more frequent (p 0.017) in anemic compared to non-anemic patients. A specific treatment for anemia was used in 99 patients (36.6%) (transfusions, erythropoietin, iron, vitamin B12 and/or folic acid). Anemia (and/or its treatment) was red in the discharge letter only 54 patients. Even if anemia is common, in internal medicine departments scarce attention is paid to it, as it is generally considered a “minor” problem, particularly in older patients often affected by multiple pathologies. Our data indicate the need of renewed medical attention to anemia, as it may positively affect the outcome of several concurrent medical conditions and the multidimensional loss of function in older hospitalized patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and Causes of Anemia in Hospitalized Patients: Impact on Diseases Outcome

Randi

Bertozzi

Sommer

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…We report a high prevalence of ID and anemia in real-world HF patients, similar to previous reports [1,2,[18][19][20]. The combination of anemia and ID was around 30% in patients across all ranges of LVEF.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Current guidelines recognize ID and anemia as important comorbidities in patients with HF [12,13]. Although in some cohorts with a higher prevalence of HF with preserved ejection fraction, ID is not associated with worse prognosis when adjusting for anemia and other comorbidities [5,[18][19][20], ID is associated with worse functional capacity and quality of life across all ranges of LVEF [3][4][5].…”

Section: Treatment Of Patients With Id And/or Anemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of intravenous iron in patients with iron deficiency and chronic heart failure: Real-world evidence

González‐Costello

Cainzos‐Achirica

Lupón

et al. 2020

European Journal of Internal Medicine

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“…However, compliance with recommended oral iron intake among pregnant women varies, mostly due to the gastrointestinal side effects. Multivitamin and mineral compounds are not the best way for supplementation, mainly when ID or IDA is present, as most of them do not contain adequate amounts of iron, vitamin B 12 , C or D. Indeed, the EMPIRE study in Portugal found that IDA had a very high prevalence among pregnant women (54.2%), despite the fact that over 80% of them were receiving iron supplementation, mostly administered as multivitamin and mineral products [59].…”

Section: Sucrosomial® Iron For the Management Of Iron Deficiency Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Sucrosomial® Iron: A New Generation Iron for Improving Oral Supplementation

Gómez‐Ramírez

Brilli²,

Tarantino³

et al. 2018

Pharmaceuticals

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Iron deficiency (ID) is usually treated with oral iron salts, but up to 50% of patients complain of gastrointestinal side effects, leading to reduced compliance with treatment. Intravenous (IV) iron formulations are increasingly safe, but there is still a risk of infusion, hypersensitivity reactions and the need for venous access and infusion monitoring. Sucrosomial® Iron (SI) is an innovative oral iron formulation in which ferric pyrophosphate is protected by a phospholipid bilayer plus a sucrester matrix (sucrosome), which is absorbed through para-cellular and trans-cellular routes (M cells). This confers SI’s unique structural, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics, together with its high iron bioavailability and excellent gastrointestinal tolerance. The analysis of the available evidence supports oral SI iron as a valid option for ID treatment, which is more efficacious and tolerable than oral iron salts. SI has also demonstrated a similar effectiveness, with lower risks, in patients usually receiving IV iron (e.g., chronic kidney disease, cancer, bariatric surgery). Thus, oral SI emerges as a valuable first option for treating ID, especially for subjects with intolerance to iron salts or those for whom iron salts are inefficacious. Moreover, SI should also be considered as an alternative to IV iron for initial and/or maintenance treatment in different patient populations.

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Prevalence and prognostic impact of anemia and iron deficiency in patients hospitalized in an internal medicine ward: The PRO‐IRON study

Abstract: Anemia and iron deficiency were highly prevalent in internal medicine patients. As anemia negatively impacts on in-hospital mortality, awareness should be raised for effective diagnosis and management of these comorbidities in hospitalized patients.

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence and Causes of Anemia in Hospitalized Patients: Impact on Diseases Outcome

Prevalence and Causes of Anemia in Hospitalized Patients: Impact on Diseases Outcome

Use of intravenous iron in patients with iron deficiency and chronic heart failure: Real-world evidence

Sucrosomial® Iron: A New Generation Iron for Improving Oral Supplementation

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