Prevalence and problems of foetal malnutrition in term babies at Wesley Guild Hospital, South Western Nigeria

Adebami, Olusegun J.; Owa, Joshua A.; Oyedeji, GA; Oyelami, OA

doi:10.4314/wajm.v26i4.28327

Cited by 11 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…When CANSCORE was applied to the preterm babies in the present study, the prevalence of FM was 34.3%. This is lower than the 54.8% prevalence recorded in preterm newborns in Turkey by Korkmaz et al [6]but higher than the prevalence documented by most literature on term babies [5,11,16,29].This could be explained by the high incidence of prenatal risk factors such as maternal or obstetric diseases and placental disorders, leading to both prematurity and fetal malnutrition in preterm infants. For example in the present study, 62% of the preterm mothers were hypertensive.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…Fetal malnutrition is a common problem in the developing countries [5,26]. Several studies have documented that the nutritional status of the newborn is important for identifying perinatal risks [11,27,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the assessment of nutritional status of the fetus at birth becomes a major concern because of the potentially serious sequelae of malnutrition on multiple organ systems. Studies have shown that perinatal problems and /or long-term central nervous system sequelae occur primarily in babies with fetal malnutrition whether AGA or SGA [5,11].Fetal malnutrition on its own can be a cause of preterm delivery [6].Recent studies have also demonstrated the evidence that fetal malnutrition may have a far-reaching effect into adult life. Fetal under-nutrition has been linked to increased rates of cardiovascular disease and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus as adults [12,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In about 50% of all childhood mortalities there is an underlying malnutrition [7]. In a Turkish study, Korkmazet al [6] documented an incidence of FM of 54.8% in preterm newborns and demonstrated its association with an increased risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality [5,8].The common feature of most causes of FM is decrease in the delivery and utilization of nutrients or oxygen or both to the developing fetus. Numerous animal experiments have shown that poor nutrition and other influences that impair growth during critical periods of early life may permanently affect the structure and physiology of a range of organs and tissues [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…smoking, literacy level) of the mother, the state of placental function [4] and the genetic makeup of the fetus [5].FM describes the under-weight / wasting aspect of the clinical syndrome seen in malnourished newborns. This clinical state may be present at almost any birth weight [2]and it has been described in preterm babies [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Fetal Malnutrition in Preterm Newborns

Ezenwa¹

2013

JFNS

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Abstract:Background: Fetal malnutrition has been associated with an increased risk of neonatal morbidities and mortalities and its proper documentation in a newborn is essential for optimal management of the child.Objective: To determine the nutritional status of preterm newborns at birth using CANSCORE and anthropometry and to compare the relative efficiency of CANSCORE and the anthropometric indices in detecting FM.Methods:The study was carried out on consecutive, singleton, live born babies of ≥28 completed weeks through 36 weeks gestation born at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria without any major congenital abnormalities or severe perinatal illness. Each infant was examined by the investigator within 48 hours of birth. Birth weights and lengths were recorded for each infant at birth. Using the Oloweintrauterine growth chart, birth weights for gestational age below the 3rd percentile and above the 97th percentile on the chart were taken as small for gestational age and large for gestational age respectively. PI was computed from the formula: PI = weight (g) / length 3 (cm) X100 . A PI <2.2 was considered as malnutrition.The MAC/HC ratio was calculated for each infant and value plotted on and compared with a standard curve. Clinical assessment of nutritional status score (CANSCORE) consisted of inspection and estimation of loss of subcutaneous tissues and muscles in the designated areas. A maximum score of 4 was awarded to each parameter with no evidence of malnutrition, and the lowest score of 1 was awarded to parameter with the worst evidence of malnutrition. Fetal malnutrition was defined as CANSCORE less than 25. Statistical analysis was done using the Epi info statistics software version 3.5.1.Results:One hundred and forty preterm newborns were assessed.One hundred and eight (77%) of them were of LBW. CANSCORE identified 34.3% of the babies as FM while PI, MAC/HC and birth weight identified 30.7%, 12.1 and 3.6% of the babies, respectively, as FM. The mean CANSCORE and anthropometry between males and females were not significantly different (p >0.05). Both CANSCORE and PI detected significantly large numbers of FM in the study sample compared with birth weight. All the anthropometric parameters showed low sensitivity in detection of FM (which is the visible wasting or loss of subcutaneous tissues and muscles) but they all had high specificity.Conclusion:FM is still prevalent in our environment even in preterm babies. CANSCORE identified moremalnourished subjects than anthropometry.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Fetal Malnutrition in Preterm Newborns

Ezenwa¹

2013

JFNS

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Is canscore a good indicator of fetal malnutrition in preterm newborn

Ezenwa

Ezeaka

2018

Alexandria Journal of Medicine

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Background: Fetal malnutrition is a risk factor for increased neonatal morbidities and mortalities worldwide. BMI and CANScore had been used for determining fetal malnutrition in term newborns. Objective: To assess the nutritional status of preterm newborns at birth using BMI, PI and CANscore and determine the better indicator for FM. Methods: The study was carried out on consecutive, live-born babies between 28 completed weeks through 36 weeks gestation. Birth weights and lengths were recorded as per protocol. BMI was calculated and BMI <10th centile using Brock's chart is considered as FM and a PI <2.2 was considered as malnutrition. Using Metcoff's CANscore, score <25 is FM. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 22.0. Results: One hundred and forty preterm newborns were assessed and 108 (77%) were of LBW. BMI, CANscore and PI identified 40.0%, 34.3% and 30.0% of the preterm newborns as FM. Using BMI as standard for detecting FM, CANscore and PI identified 33.9% and 51.8% of the babies as FM. PI had a better sensitivity for detecting FM in preterm infants compared to CANScore and this was statistically significant, p < 0.00. Conclusion: FM is common in preterm babies. BMI and PI are simple and easy tools to use in assessing FM in preterm babies. They are also better identifiers of FM in preterm newborns compared to CANScore.

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