Prevalence and predictors of slow coronary flow phenomenon in Kermanshah province

Abstract

Introduction: This study was conducted to investigate prevalence and predictors of slow coronary flow phenomenon (SCF) phenomenon. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed at Imam Ali Cardiovascular Hospital affiliated with the Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah province, Iran. From March 2017 to March 2019, all the patients who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled in this study. Data were obtained using a checklist developed based on the study’s aims. Independent samples t tests and chi- square test (or Fisher exact test) were used to assess the differences between subgroups. Multiple logistic regression model was applied to evaluate independent predictors of SCF phenomenon. Results: In this study, 172 (1.43%) patients with SCF phenomenon were identified. Patients with SCF were more likely to be obese (27.58±3.28 vs. 24.12±3.26, P<0.001), hyperlipidemic (44.2 vs. 31.7, P<0.001), hypertensive (53.5 vs. 39.1, P<0.001), and smoker (37.2 vs. 27.2, P=0.006). Mean ejection fraction (EF) (51.91±6.33 vs. 55.15±9.64, P<0.001) was significantly lower in the patients with SCF compared to the healthy controls with normal epicardial coronary arteries. Mean level of serum triglycerides (162.26±45.94 vs. 145.29±35.62, P<0.001) was significantly higher in the patients with SCF. Left anterior descending artery was the most common involved coronary artery (n = 159, 92.4%), followed by left circumflex artery (n = 50, 29.1%) and right coronary artery (n = 47, 27.4%). Body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.04-2.15, P<0.001) and hypertension (OR 1.59, CI 1.30-5.67, P=0.003) were independent predictors of SCF phenomenon. Conclusion: The prevalence of SCF in our study was not different from the most other previous reports. BMI and hypertension independently predicted the presence of SCF phenomenon.

Slow Coronary Blood Flow: Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications

“…43 More recently, Rouzbahani et al performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence and predictors of CSF, finding a prevalence in their population similar to previous studies (1.43%) with BMI and hypertension being independent predictors of the presence of CSF as reported by other authors. 44 The prevalence of CSF according to different studies is summarised in Table 1.…”

“…They concluded that patients treated with diltiazem showed a significant improvement in relation to coronary flow, exercise test tolerance and angina, possibly through the attenuation of vascular smooth muscle. 44 Once it had been demonstrated that oral CCBs could attenuate the microvascular effects associated with CSF, Alvarez et al conducted a study evaluating the subsequent use of oral CCBs in patients whose angiographic slow flow had been resolved with intracoronary CCBs. 2 They analysed 15 patients diagnosed with CSF, none of whom had been previously treated with CCBs or nitrates.…”

“…They concluded that patients treated with diltiazem showed a significant improvement in relation to coronary flow, exercise test tolerance and angina, possibly through the attenuation of vascular smooth muscle. [ 44 ]…”

Effect of short‐term dynamic psychotherapy on sexual function and marital satisfaction in women with depression: Clinical trial study

“…Depressive disorders and their treatment are a major concern due to their high prevalence and high burden in terms of disability, treatment costs, effects on families and carers, and loss of workplace productivity Effectiveness of Short‐Term Dynamic Group Psychotherapy in Primary Care for Patients with Depressive Symptoms. Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and contributes significantly to the global disease burden 16–22 …”

“…Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and contributes significantly to the global disease burden. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] When life is seen to be a tough process, psychotherapy treats emotional or psychological suffering as its major emphasis. It reveals how the mind is involved in the effort to face and endure pain, as well as how barriers or systems are built to prevent suffering from occurring.…”