Prevalence and predictors of sex under the influence of psychoactive substances among young people in informal settlements in Kampala, Uganda

Ssekamatte, Tonny; Nalugya, Aisha; Mugambe, Richard K.; Wagaba, Brenda; Nakalembe, Doreen; Mutebi, Aloysius; Bagonza, Richard Asaba; Tigaiza, Arnold; Kansiime, Winnifred K.; Ssempala, Richard; Wafula, Solomon Tsebeni; Isunju, John Bosco; Buregyeya, Esther

doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15679-8

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Hazardous drinking (HD) and substance use (SU) are of increasing public health concern. 1 Globally, an estimated 2.8 million deaths were attributed to alcohol use while 425 000 deaths were estimated to have been caused by SU between 1990 and 2016. 2 Alcohol is the most used substance globally while SU, defined as the use of illicit drugs such as opioids, cannabis, amphetamines and cocaine is on the increase in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 12–14 SU and HD may alter the individual’s perception of pleasure experienced from having sex under the influence of intoxicating substances, as well as physically limit an individual’s ability to think of and take protective measures resulting in an increased risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. 1 11 14 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On conducting a literature search, we found very few studies that have been conducted, investigating HD, SU and its association with risky sexual behaviour within the African context, with the few studies that we did find being done in specific populations such as orphans, children and youth residing in the streets or in informal settlements. 1 17 18 There is a dearth of data on SU and HD among Zimbabwean youth specifically and to our knowledge, there has been no study conducted to determine the prevalence of HD and SU on a population-based level, and its association with risky sexual behaviour. The intersection between SU and HD and sexual behaviours is of particular concern in Southern Africa, which has the highest HIV prevalence of any global subregion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of substance and hazardous alcohol use and their association with risky sexual behaviour among youth: findings from a population-based survey in Zimbabwe

Hlahla,

Azizi,

Simms

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesHazardous drinking (HD) and substance use (SU) can lead to disinhibited behaviour and are both growing public health problems among Southern African youths. We investigated the prevalence of SU and HD and their association with risky sexual behaviour among youth in Zimbabwe.DesignData analysis from a population-based survey conducted between October 2021 and June 2022 to ascertain the outcomes of a cluster randomised trial (CHIEDZA: Trial registration number:NCT03719521). Trial Stage: Post-results.Setting24 communities in three provinces in Zimbabwe.ParticipantsYouth aged 18–24 years living in randomly selected households.Outcome measuresHD was defined as an Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score ≥8, SU was defined as ever use of ≥1 commonly used substances in the local setting.ResultsOf 17 585 participants eligible for this analysis, 61% were women and the median age was 20 (IQR: 19–22) years. Overall, 4.5% and 7.0% of participants reported HD and SU, respectively. Men had a substantially higher prevalence than women of HD (8.2% vs 1.9%) and SU (15.1% vs 1.5%). Among men, after adjusting for socio-demographic factors, we found increased odds of having >1 sexual partner in those who engaged in SU (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.67, 95% CI: 2.21 to 3.22), HD (aOR=3.40, 95% CI: 2.71 to 4.26) and concurrent HD and SU (aOR=4.57,95% CI: 3.59 to 5.81) compared with those who did not engage in HD or SU. Similarly, there were increased odds of receiving/providing transactional sex among men who engaged in SU (aOR=2.51, 95% CI: 1.68 to 3.74), HD (aOR=3.60, 95% CI: 2.24 to 5.79), and concurrent HD and SU (aOR=7.74, 95% CI: 5.44 to 11.0). SU was associated with 22% increased odds of inconsistent condom use in men (aOR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.47). In women, the odds of having >1 sexual partner and having transactional sex were also increased among those who engaged in SU and HD.ConclusionSU and HD are associated with sexual behaviours that increase the risk of HIV acquisition in youth. Sexual and reproductive health interventions must consider HD and SU as potential drivers of risky sexual behaviour in youths.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of substance and hazardous alcohol use and their association with risky sexual behaviour among youth: findings from a population-based survey in Zimbabwe

Hlahla,

Azizi,

Simms

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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Knowledge, attitude, and factors associated with household chemical safety practices among caregivers of children in Kampala; a mixed methods study

Akello,

Nakalembe,

Galiwango

et al. 2024

Preprint

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To date, there is widespread use of household chemical products. However, more about caregiver knowledge, attitudes, and chemical safety practices needs to be known, as they are primarily responsible for children's safety, health, and well-being. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach embedded in a mixed-methods sequential explanatory study design to explore knowledge, attitude, and chemical safety practices among caregivers of children. Over 67.8% (261/385) of caregivers exhibited poor chemical safety practices. Poor chemical safety practices were associated with being aged 25–35 years (APR: 1.22, 95% CI: (1.00-1.50), p = 0.048), awareness of the practices that increase the risk of exposure to HCPs (APR: 0.83, 95%CI: (0.71–0.96), p = 0.017), knowing whether chemical poisoning could be prevented or not (APR: 0.81, 95%CI: (0.67–0.97), p = 0.027), agreeing to usually checking product labels for warnings and instructions before using HCPs (APR: 0.83, 95% CI: (0.73–0.95), p = 0.009), agreeing that proper ventilation was necessary when using household chemicals (APR: 0.83, 95% CI: (0.73–0.95), p = 0.009), and feeling confident that one can respond effectively in case of a chemical poisoning emergency (APR: 0.82, 95%CI: (0.72–0.93), p = 0.003). Overall, caregivers of children exhibited poor chemical safety practices. There is a need for enhanced investment in health education training programs on chemical safety.

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HIV-related misinformation, testing, and disclosure among selected urban dwellers in Uganda; a cross-sectional survey

Nakalembe,

Tamale,

Kyomugisha

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background In Uganda, urban centers face a high prevalence of HIV, exacerbated by misinformation, low testing rates, and non-disclosure of HIV status. However, evidence on the prevalence and determinants of HIV-related misinformation, testing, and disclosure within these urban centers remains limited. This study assessed the prevalence of HIV testing, misinformation, and non-disclosure in selected urban centers of West Nile, Eastern and Northern Uganda to inform targeted interventions aimed at improving HIV awareness, increasing the uptake of HIV testing services, and facilitating disclosure. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 930 households in five urban centres in Uganda. A multistage sampling technique was employed in the selection of participants. A digitized structured questionnaire preloaded on the KoboCollect mobile application. Data were downloaded in Microsoft Excel and exported into Stata version 14 for statistical analysis. Modified Poisson regression was used to determine the factors associated with the outcome variables. Results About 93.2% of respondents were misinformed about HIV, 20.8% had not disclosed their HIV status, and 3.3% had never been tested for HIV. Having a primary level of education (PR:0.96, 95% CI:0.93–0.99, p = 0.035) and spending more than 6 years in the area (PR: 1.05, 95% CI:1.00-1.10, p = 0.029) were associated with “HIV-related misinformation.” Being knowledgeable about some special drugs that a doctor or a nurse could give to a woman infected with the HIV/AIDs virus to reduce the risk of transmission to the baby (PR:1.03, 95% CI:1.00-1.07, p = 0.024) was associated with “HIV testing”. Being married (PR:0.89, 95% CI:0.65 − 0.12, p < 0.001 was associated with “non-disclosure” of HIV status. Conclusion A high proportion of respondents were misinformed about HIV/AIDS, although the majority had been tested and disclosed their serostatus to partners. HIV/AIDS-related misinformation was associated with having a primary education and residing in the area for more than six years. Additionally, knowledge of special medications that healthcare providers can give to women with HIV to reduce the risk of transmission to their babies predicted HIV testing. Disclosure of HIV status was more common among those who were married or widowed. This study suggests the need for intentional educative interventions with clear and correct HIV/AIDs messages to improve knowledge, increase testing, and facilitate the disclosure of HIV status.

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Prevalence and predictors of sex under the influence of psychoactive substances among young people in informal settlements in Kampala, Uganda

Cited by 4 publications

References 67 publications

Prevalence of substance and hazardous alcohol use and their association with risky sexual behaviour among youth: findings from a population-based survey in Zimbabwe

Prevalence of substance and hazardous alcohol use and their association with risky sexual behaviour among youth: findings from a population-based survey in Zimbabwe

Knowledge, attitude, and factors associated with household chemical safety practices among caregivers of children in Kampala; a mixed methods study

HIV-related misinformation, testing, and disclosure among selected urban dwellers in Uganda; a cross-sectional survey

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