Prevalence and predictors of iron deficiency in fully breastfed infants at 6 mo of age: comparison of data from 6 studies

Abstract

Among fully breastfed infants with a birth weight >2500 g, IDA is uncommon before 6 mo, but male infants and those with a birth weight of 2500-2999 g are at higher risk of ID and IDA.

Breastfeeding exclusively and iron deficiency anemia during the first 6 months of age

“…[11][12][13] Risk factors for IDA in the 6 th month of age, such as maternal anemia, underweight, sex, weight gain, and umbilical cord clamping time are described in the literature. 14,15 As reported by some authors, late-timing of cord clamping, as compared to immediate clamping, might be associated with better hemoglobin values, higher stores of iron at 6 months of age, and lower incidence of anemia. [15][16][17] Unfortunately, time of umbilical cord clamping is not registered during labor by health professionals in Brazil, which makes it impossible to control for such potential bias.…”

“…They observed that the occurrence of anemia in exclusively breastfed children at 6 months referenceS of age and birth weight >2500 grams (5.5 pounds) was low in male infants and those with birth weights between 2500-2999 g had higher risks for ID and IDA. 14 The prevalence of ID ranged from 6% in Sweden to 37% in Ghana, while the prevalence of IDA ranged from 2% in Sweden to 16% in Ghana.…”

“…[15][16][17] Unfortunately, time of umbilical cord clamping is not registered during labor by health professionals in Brazil, which makes it impossible to control for such potential bias. Yang et al (2009) pooled data from 6 randomized clinical trials conducted between 1994 and 2004, 2 in Ghana, 2 in Honduras, 1 in Mexico, and 1 in Sweden, with a total of 404 infants who were exclusively breastfed, to study IDA risk factors. They observed that the occurrence of anemia in exclusively breastfed children at 6 months referenceS of age and birth weight >2500 grams (5.5 pounds) was low in male infants and those with birth weights between 2500-2999 g had higher risks for ID and IDA.…”

Letters to the Editor

“…Of the six randomized trials included in the study by Yang et al (4) , only the two Honduran trials compared different durations of EBF. The purpose of Yang et al's observational analysis (i.e.…”

Complementary Feeding, Peculiarities of Introduction. Clinical Cases

“…Проведенные исследования выявили удовле-творительную обеспеченность железом детей на грудном вскармливании в возрасте 4 и 5 мес, но значитель-ное снижение эритроцитарных индексов и содержания ферритина, возникающее к 6 и 9 мес жизни. Высокие потребности в железе у детей второго полугодия жизни отчасти обусловлены и его значительными эндогенны-ми потерями -0,022 против 0,014 мг/кг массы тела в сутки у подростков и взрослых [9]. Таким образом, ИГВ до 6-месячного возраста представляет собой фактор риска развития железодефицитного состояния у детей в возрасте 9 мес [10,11].…”