Prevalence and predictors of different patterns of hypertension among adults aged 20–60 years in rural communities of Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Ayogu, Rufina N B; Ezeh, Mmesoma G; Okafor, A.M.

doi:10.1186/s13690-021-00724-y

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Of the 10 studies that employed the WHO Stepwise instrument, different combinations of questions to assess the intake of salt, fruits and vegetables, snacks, sweets, fried foods, fats and oils, or alcohol were used (detailed in Table 1) [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Furthermore, 12 studies used either nonpublished or validated structured questionnaires to assess dietary intake [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63].…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary factors and hypertension risk in West Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Batubo

Moore

Zulyniak

2023

Journal of Hypertension

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Background: Contrary to North America and Europe, the prevalence of hypertension is rising in West Africa. Although diet is implicated as a contributor to this trend, nutritional guidelines in West Africa are not tailored to address this concern. This study aimed to address this limitation by investigating dietary factors common to West Africa and evaluating their association with hypertension. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Medline were searched to identify studies that investigated diet and hypertension in West African adults. All meta-analyses used a generic inverse-variance random effects model, with subgroup analyses by age, BMI, and study location, and were performed in R. Results: Three thousand, two hundred ninety-eight studies were identified, of which 31 (n = 48 809 participants) satisfied inclusion criteria – all cross-sectional. Meta-analyses of the association between dietary factors and hypertension included dietary fat [odds ratio (OR) = 1.76; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.44–2.14; P < 0.0001], red meat (OR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.04–2.18; P = 0.03), junk-food (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.19–1.67; P < 0.0001), dietary salt (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.12–1.40; P < 0.0001), alcohol (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03–1.32; P = 0.013), and ‘fruits and vegetables’ (OR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.24–1.17; P < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses suggested that ‘fruit and vegetable’ consumption is less protective in the elderly. Conclusion: High consumption of dietary salt, red meat, dietary fat, junk food, and alcohol are associated with increased odds of hypertension, whereas high fruit and vegetable appear protective. This region-specific evidence will support the development of nutritional assessment tools for clinicians, patients, and researchers aiming to reduce hypertension in West Africa.

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Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary factors and hypertension risk in West Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Batubo

Moore

Zulyniak

2023

Journal of Hypertension

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“…The sixth stage involved selection of only one adult (20–60 years) from each selected household through simple random sampling by balloting without replacement. This has been described elsewhere [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological characteristics of different patterns of obesity among adults in rural communities of south-east Nigeria: a population-based cross-sectional study

2022

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Background Obesity is a complex disease characterised by excess fat accumulation and health risks. There is paucity of data on epidemiology of obesity patterns among adults in rural Nigeria. This study aimed to provide current data on the prevalence and predictors of three patterns of obesity (abdominal obesity alone, general obesity alone and a combination of both) among adults in three rural communities of Enugu State, South-east Nigeria to enhance specific obesity prevention and control programmes/interventions. Methods This population-based cross-sectional study involved 500 adults selected through a six-stage random sampling technique. Questionnaire was used to obtain data on socio-economic, dietary and lifestyle characteristics of the respondents. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured by standard procedures. Body mass index was used to assess general obesity while abdominal obesity was assessed through waist circumference. Each respondent was classified under only one of the three patterns: general obesity alone, abdominal obesity alone and combined obesity. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the predictors. Significance was set P<0.05. Results Prevalence of abdominal obesity alone was 6.0%. General obesity alone was found among 31.4% and 45.6% were affected by combined obesity. Being a female (AOR:0.35, 95% C.I.: 0.14, 0.88) and not skipping meals (AOR:0.24, 95% C.I.: 0.10, 0.55) were associated with less likelihood of abdominal obesity but ≥3 times daily meal intake increased the risk by 2.52 (AOR:2.52, 95% C.I.:1.10, 5.75). Predictors of general obesity alone were age 41-60 years (AOR:1.84, 95% C.I.:1.14, 2.97), being a female (AOR:7.65, 95% C.I.:4.77, 12.26) and having any form of formal education (AOR:2.55, 95% C.I.:1.10, 5.91). Combined obesity was less likely among 41-60 year-olds (AOR:0.36, 95% C.I.:0.23, 0.56) and females (AOR:0.21, 95% C.I.:0.13, 0.32). Never married (AOR:1.94, 95% C.I.:1.03, 3.67) and vigorous physical activities (AOR:1.81, 95% C.I.:1.08, 3.02) increased the risk of combined obesity by almost 2. Conclusions Prevalence of abdominal obesity alone, general obesity alone and combined obesity were high. They were functions of age, sex, never married, having any form of formal education, skipping meals, ≥3 daily meal intake and self-reported vigorous physical activity. Focused nutrition and health education are recommended strategies for prevention and control of obesity.

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“…Hypertension was de ned as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg, while blood pressure was considered controlled if it was < 140/90 mmHg. 12,13 Anthropometric Measurements Anthropometric indices including weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured according to standardized procedures. Bodyweight was measured using a digital weighing scale to the nearest 0.1 kg, with participants standing without shoes and heavy clothing.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric Assessment of Obesity and Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Hypertension attending the Family Medicine Clinics of Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua Nigeria.

Oseni,

Ahmed,

Oku

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Obesity can be a major problem due to its potential to cause a number of health issues, including high blood pressure, diabetes and other cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association between obesity as assessed by body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR) and waist height ratio (WHtR) and blood pressure control among patients with hypertension attending the Family Medicine Clinics of Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, a semi-urban community in Edo State, southern Nigeria. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among 250 patients with hypertension attending the Family clinics of Irrua specialist Teaching hospital, aged 18 to 65 years. The anthropometric indices of consenting participants, including BMI, WHR, and WHtR were evaluated and blood pressure determined. Data was analysed using statistical package of Social Sciences version 24.0. Result Study participants had a mean age of 51.5 ± 10.0 years, with a mean BMI of 28.60 ± 5.71kg/m2. The median and interquartile range of the waist hip ratio and waist height ratio were 1.02 (1.01, 1.03) and 0.61 (0.58, 0.66) respectively. The proportion of obese participants, defined by WHtR, with uncontrolled BP was significantly higher than that for those with controlled BP (63.9% vs 47.5%; p = 0.024). Upon adjusting for sociodemographic variables, participants who were obese based on WHtR had 2.71 times the odds of having uncontrolled blood pressure compared to those who were not obese. This finding was statistically significant. (aOR = 2.71; 95% CI = 1.37–5.38; p = 0.004). Conclusion Anthropometric indices remain valuable predictors of blood pressure control. The WHtR, a measure of central obesity, compared to the BMI, was significantly associated with poor blood pressure control.

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Prevalence and predictors of different patterns of hypertension among adults aged 20–60 years in rural communities of Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Dietary factors and hypertension risk in West Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Dietary factors and hypertension risk in West Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Epidemiological characteristics of different patterns of obesity among adults in rural communities of south-east Nigeria: a population-based cross-sectional study

Anthropometric Assessment of Obesity and Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Hypertension attending the Family Medicine Clinics of Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua Nigeria.

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