Prevalence and prediction of hypoxemia in children with respiratory infections in the Peruvian Andes

Reuland, Daniel S.; Steinhoff, Mark C.; Gilman, Robert H.; Bara, Maria Frani Ayu Andari Dias Antonius Andy; Olivares, Enrique G.; Jabra, Amal A.; Finkelstein, Daniel

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83040-9

Cited by 65 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although sex differences for Sao 2 have been reported, they seem to develop in adulthood, as described in another study between Aymara and Bolivian populations (Reuland et al, 1991). This is consistent with our data, which did not show differences in values of Sao 2 by sex among children aged 5 to 16 yr.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Low oxygen saturation, as measured by pulse oximetry, predicts the presence of pneumonia more accurately than fast breathing or other physical signs over 2500 m (Reuland et al, 1991). During acute lower respiratory infection, hypoxemia is more frequent in children residing at high altitude and is associated with increased mortality (Niermeyer, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxygen Saturation in Healthy Children Aged 5 to 16 Years Residing in Huayllay, Peru at 4340 m

Schult

Canelo‐Aybar²

2011

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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Schult, Sandra, and Carlos Canelo-Aybar. Oxygen saturation in healthy chidren aged 5 to 6 years residing in Huayllay, Peru, at 4340 m. High Alt. Med. Biol. 12:89-92, 2011.-Hypoxemia is a major life-threatening complication of childhood pneumonia. The threshold points for hypoxemia vary with altitude. However, few published data describe that normal range of variation. The purpose of this study was to establish reference values of normal mean Sao 2 levels and an approximate cutoff point to define hypoxemia for clinical purposes above 4300 meters above sea level (masl).Children aged 5 to 16 yr were examined during primary care visits at the Huayllay Health Center. Huayllay is a rural community located at 4340 m in the province of Pasco in the Peruvian Andes. We collected basic sociodemographic data and evaluated three outcomes: arterial oxygen saturation (Sao 2 ) with a pulse oximeter, heart rate, and respiratory rate. Comparisons of main outcomes among age groups (5-6, 7-8, 9-10, 11-12, 13-14, and 15-16 yr) and sex were performed using linear regression models. The correlation of Sao 2 with heart rate and respiration rate was established by Pearson's correlation test.We evaluated 583 children, of whom 386 were included in the study. The average age was 10.3 yr; 55.7% were female. The average Sao 2 , heart rate, and respiratory rate were 85.7% (95% CI: 85.2-86.2), 80.4/min (95% CI: 79.0-81.9), and 19.9/min (95% CI: 19.6-20.2), respectively. Sao 2 increased with age ( p < 0.001). No differences by sex were observed. The mean minus two standard deviations of Sao 2 (threshold point for hypoxemia) ranged from 73.8% to 81.8% by age group.At 4300 m, the reference values for hypoxemia may be 14.2% lower than at sea level. This difference must be considered when diagnosing hypoxemia or deciding oxygen supplementation at high altitude. Other studies are needed to determine whether this reference value is appropriate for clinical use.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Saturation in Healthy Children Aged 5 to 16 Years Residing in Huayllay, Peru at 4340 m

Schult

Canelo‐Aybar²

2011

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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“…This study and other studies showed that respiratory tract infections are more common among those who didn't receive vaccinations properly; this data showed by others in Iraq 23 , while one other study in Iraq showed weak association of vaccination with lower respiratory tract infection 24 . This study showed that children with lower anthropometric measures are more prone to get lower respiratory tract infections as these data agrees with other studies 16,26 . The present study demonstrated a significant association of lower respiratory infection with presence of respiratory infection in another household sibling which agrees with other studies 24,27 .…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of feeding pattern on risk factors of lower respiratory tract infections in infants

Zangana

Gardi

2013

ZJMS

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“…In addition, the lower Pa o 2 at high altitude and the compensatory increase in ventilation with Pa co 2 reduction can favor the occurrence of CA and PB. [6][7][8][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Another intriguing result was the occurrence of obstructive respiratory events, despite the absence of any evidence of craniofacial abnormalities or enlarged adenotonsillar tissues in the upper airway in the cohort or the presence of reported snoring during the preinclusion evaluation. Th e reasons for the high occurrence of obstructive apnea are not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overnight Polysomnographic Characteristics and Oxygen Saturation of Healthy Infants, 1 to 18 Months of Age, Born and Residing At High Altitude (2,640 Meters)

Duenas-Meza

Bazurto-Zapata

Gozal

et al. 2015

Chest

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Prevalence and prediction of hypoxemia in children with respiratory infections in the Peruvian Andes

Cited by 65 publications

References 14 publications

Oxygen Saturation in Healthy Children Aged 5 to 16 Years Residing in Huayllay, Peru at 4340 m

Oxygen Saturation in Healthy Children Aged 5 to 16 Years Residing in Huayllay, Peru at 4340 m

Influence of feeding pattern on risk factors of lower respiratory tract infections in infants

Overnight Polysomnographic Characteristics and Oxygen Saturation of Healthy Infants, 1 to 18 Months of Age, Born and Residing At High Altitude (2,640 Meters)

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