Prevalence and pathogens of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in China

Zhao, Yanqing; Liu, Hui; Zhao, Xianghui; Gao, Yang; Zhang, Miaotao; Chen, Dekun

doi:10.1007/s11250-014-0742-y

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These results are too great extent in accord with previous studies, where staphylococci were recorded to be the most prevalent bacteria in cases of mastitis and account for 90% of isolated bacteria [10,49-51]. Furthermore, CNS recorded to have the capability of increasing SCC in goat milk and occur at over 50% in most studies of goat SCM [47]. About streptococci, it was reported to be the major pathogens for their severe inflammation, but they are less common in SCM in goats [47].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

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Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis mastitis in Egyptian dairy goats

Nabih¹,

Hussein

El-Wakeel³

et al. 2018

Vet World

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Background and Aim:Mastitis is an important threat facing goat milk industry and is the most common cause of culling. Efficient control of mastitis, based on efficient diagnosis of diseased animals, would improve milk production and reproductive efficiency. In subclinical mastitis (SCM), infected goats demonstrate neither udder symptoms nor abnormal milk. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is an infectious causative agent of mastitis, mostly results as an extension of infection from the supramammary lymph node, and causes financial losses in the goat industry. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of SCM with emphasis on C. pseudotuberculosis mastitis in Egyptian dairy goats in the selected farms.Materials and Methods:A total of 336 half milk samples were collected from 177 dairy goats of various crossbreeds, in mid-to-late lactation period, after clinical examination. All samples were examined bacteriologically, while somatic cell count (SCC) was determined only in 180 half milk samples of the clinically healthy milk samples. The isolated and identified C. pseudotuberculosis was examined for evidence of virulence genes (Phospholipase D [pld] and β-subunit of RNA polymerase [rpoB]) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results:The prevalence of clinical mastitis was 30.5%, while 69.5% of animals were apparently healthy and secreted milk was normal. Of those 180 clinically healthy half milk samples, 96 milk samples (53.33%) showed SCM as detected by SCC (SCC ≥1,000,000 cells/ml). Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most prevalent bacteria (41.96%), then Staphylococcus aureus (37.5%) and C. pseudotuberculosis (7.14%). Molecular diagnosis of virulence genes revealed evidence of pld gene in 16 isolates (66.66%), and rpoB gene in 6 samples (25%) of the 24 bacteriologically isolated C. pseudotuberculosis. Here, we describe, for the 1st time, isolation and identification of C. pseudotuberculosis from milk of does suffering from SCM in Egypt.Conclusion:C. pseudotuberculosis must be considered for routine bacteriological examination of milk from dairy goats, particularly herds with a history of caseous lymphadenitis. Pld gene-based PCR is more reliable than rpoB gene-based ones for the diagnosis of C. pseudotuberculosis.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…In a recent study carried out in China, SCM was diagnosed in 45.82% of examined dairy goats [47], while it was 18% in Sweden [13] and 30.2% in India [48]. The authors attributed this high prevalence of SCM to be attributed to poor milking hygiene and the less awareness of SCM impact.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis mastitis in Egyptian dairy goats

Nabih¹,

Hussein

El-Wakeel³

et al. 2018

Vet World

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“…Regarding mastitis, similar frequencies of clinical mastitis (less than 5%) and clinical or subclinical IMI etiology to the present study were reported in the review by Bergonier et al (2003) based on large-scale surveys in European goat breeds. Others reported similar SCS levels and varying prevalence (15-80%) of subclinical mastitis in Indian (Mishra et al, 2018), Spanish (Contreras et al, 1999), or Chinese goats (Zhao et al, 2015). In general, previous studies have reported the definite predominance of CNS, such as S. epidermidis and S. chromogenes, as causal agents of subclinical and often chronic mastitis.…”

Section: Can These Results Be Extended To Field Situations?mentioning

confidence: 86%

Divergent selection on milk somatic cell count in goats improves udder health and milk quality with no effect on nematode resistance

Rupp

Huau

Caillat

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Milk somatic cell count (SCC) is commonly higher in goats than in cattle and sheep. Furthermore, the ability of milk SCC to predict mastitis is considered lower in goats than in cattle and sheep, and the relevance of somatic cell score (SCS)-based selection in this species has been questioned. To address this issue, we created 2 divergent lines of Alpine goats using artificially inseminated bucks with extreme estimated breeding values for SCS. A total of 287 goats, 158 in high-and 129 in low-SCS lines, were scrutinized for mastitis infections. We subjected 2,688 milk samples to conventional bacteriological analyses on agarose and bacterial counts were estimated for positive samples. The SCS, milk yield, fat content, and protein content were recorded every 3 wk. Clinical mastitis was systematically noted. A subset of 40 goats (20 from each line) was subsequently challenged with Haemonchus contortus and monitored for anemia (blood packed cell volume) and fecal egg counts to see if SCS-based selection had an indirect effect on resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes. Milk production traits, including milk quantity, fat content, and protein content, were similar in both goat lines. In contrast, the raw milk SCC almost doubled between the lines, with 1,542,000 versus 855,000 cells/mL in the high-and low-SCS lines, respectively. The difference in breeding value for SCS between lines was 1.65 genetic standard deviation equivalents. The Staphylococcus spp. most frequently isolated from milk were S. xylosus, S. caprae, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus. The frequency of positive bacteriology samples was significantly higher in the high-SCS line (49%) than in the low-SCS line (33%). The highest odds ratio was 3.49 (95% confidence interval: 11.95-6.25) for S. aureus. The distribution of bacterial species in positive samples between lines was comparable. The average quantity of bacteria in positive samples was also significantly higher in high-SCS goats (69 ± 80 growing colonies) than in low-SCS goats (38 ± 62 growing colonies). Clinical cases were rare and equally distributed between high-(n = 4; 2.5%) and low-SCS (n = 3; 2.3%) lines. Furthermore, the larger the amounts of bacteria in milk the higher the SCS level. Conversely, goats with repeatedly culture-negative udders exhibited the lowest SCC levels, with an average of below 300,000 cells/mL. We therefore confirmed that SCS is a relevant predictor of intramammary infection and hygienic quality of milk in goats and can be used for prophylactic purposes. After challenge with H. contortus, goats were anemic with high fecal egg counts but we found no difference between the genetic lines. This result provides initial evidence that resistance to mastitis or to gastrointestinal nematodes infections is under independent genetic regulation. Altogether, this monitoring of the goat lines indicated that SCS-based selection helps to improve udder health by decreasing milk cell counts and reducing the incidence of infection and related bacterial shedding in milk. Selection for low SCC s...

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“…dysagalactia and Strep uberis, respectively. [19], 40.5% in 42 first partum Santa Ines ewes in Brazil [20] and 45.8% among goats in China [21] were previously recorded. Higher prevalence rates of 66.9% in Awassi sheep in Jordan [22] and 61% among goats in Kenya [23] were previously reported.…”

Section: Amplification Of Gsag Gsdys and Gsub Genes Of Streptococcusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence and Etiology of Subclinical Mastitis in Sheep and Goats

Eissa

Menaze

2018

Zagazig Veterinary Journal

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From September 2016 to August 2017, four hundred and twenty four milk samples were collected from mammary halves of 212 apparently healthy lactating animals (108 ewes and 104 does) from small private flocks in different localities at Sharkia Governorate. All samples were investigated by California mastitis test (CMT) and bacteriological examination to determine prevalence and etiology of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in sheep and goats and to estimate the mean somatic cell count (SCC) of infected milk samples with different pathogens. The prevalence rates of SCM using CMT were 44 (40.7%) in ewes [59 milk samples, (27.3%)] and 50 (48.1%) in does [62 milk samples, (29.8%)]. Furthermore, out of ewes' and does' milk samples examined by bacteriological culture 54 (25.0%) and 56 (26.9%) samples were bacteriologically positive, respectively. The isolated bacterial causing SCM in ewes' milk samples were E. coli (44.4%), S. aureus (38.9%), Streptococcus spp. (27.8%), coagulase negative Staphylococci (26.0%), Citrobacter spp. (3.7%) and Enterobacter spp. (1.9%). The identified isolates from does' milk samples were S. aureus (46.4%), E. coli (26.8%), Streptococcus spp. (25.0%), coagulase negative Staphylococci (19.6%), Citrobacter spp. (5.4%) and Enterobacter spp. (3.6%). The geometric mean of SCC of milk samples harbored major pathogens was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those harbored minor pathogens. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was applied on a total of 26 isolates from the most recovered species associated with mastitic milk samples of ewes and does. Suspected S. aureus, E. coli, Strep. agalactiae, Strep. dysagalactiae, and Strep. uberis isolates showed characteristic bands at 270 bp, 366 bp, 487 bp, 279 bp, and 723 bp which were specific for the used genes, respectively. In conclusion: a great attention should be directed to the early diagnosis of SCM in ewes and does.

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Prevalence and pathogens of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in China

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis mastitis in Egyptian dairy goats

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis mastitis in Egyptian dairy goats

Divergent selection on milk somatic cell count in goats improves udder health and milk quality with no effect on nematode resistance

The Prevalence and Etiology of Subclinical Mastitis in Sheep and Goats

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