Prevalence and Molecular Genotyping of Group A Rotaviruses in Iranian Children

Kargar, Mohammad; Akbarizadeh, Amin Reza

doi:10.1007/s13337-012-0070-7

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We reviewed 145 articles/abstracts to select a total of 28 that met the inclusion criteria of the current review (Figure 1). The selected studies covered Bahrain (10), Egypt (11,12), Islamic Republic of Iran (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21), Iraq (22,23), Jordan (24,25), Libya (26), Morocco (27)(28)(29), Saudi Arabia (30-32), Tunisia (33), Turkey (34,35), United Arab Emirates (UAE) (36), and Yemen (37). All studies from Algeria, Jordan, Leb-anon, Oman, Palestine, and Qatar were excluded because these did not meet our inclusion criteria whereas no studies were available from Kuwait and the Syrian Arab Republic.…”

Section: Studies Selected For Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus gastroenteritis among hospitalized children under 5 years of age in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a review

Shaheen¹

2019

East Mediterr Health J

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Background: Rotavirus(RV) is one of the primary causes globally of acute diarrhoea in children below 5 years of age. Aims: This literature research aims to evaluate the rotavirus diarrhoea among hospitalized children < 5 years of age in the Eastern Mediterranean Region from 2010 to 2016. Data from each country were extracted and compared. Methods: An extensive literature search was carried out using the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct, with the keyword "Rotavirus". The search was limited to articles published from January 2010 to December 2016. Results: The search identified 28 studies. Rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) identification in studies countries ranged from from 19%-78.2% of all tested diarrhoeal specimens, primarily in children ≤ 1 year of age. RV occurred throughout the year, with peak incidence during autumn and winter seasons. G1P[8] was the predominant circulating genotype combination followed by G9P[8] and G2P[4]. Out of 28 studies, only one examined the economic burden which ranged from US$ 245 to $345 per hospitalized child due to RV diarrhoea. Moreover, three days were the minimum duration of hospitalization. No available data on the mortality rates due to RVGE among the selected studies. Conclusions: This research documents that RV is one of the most significant pathogens that cause morbidity and mortality in the paediatric population in Eastern Mediterranean Region countries. The data from this literature research may help public healthcare workers in decreasing mortality and morbidity resulting from RVGE in the region.

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Section: Studies Selected For Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus gastroenteritis among hospitalized children under 5 years of age in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a review

Shaheen¹

2019

East Mediterr Health J

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“…Although G2 and G3 are among the most prevalent rotavirus genotypes worldwide (Fang et al, 2005;Dey et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2009;Jere et al, 2011), Kargar et al 2939 nonetheless this strains were not detected in this study. In recent years G4 strain has been detected at relatively high frequency from Germany (Van Damme et al, 2007), Italy (Annarita et al, 2010), South Korea (Shim et al, 2010) and some regions of Iran (Khalili et al, 2004;Eesteghamati et al, 2009;Kargar and Akbarizadeh, 2011). However, G4 was detected only in 2.27% of all children with rotavirus gastroenteritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, non-typeable genotypes were present in 40.91% of all the rotavirus positive fecal samples. These rotavirus strains have been detected only rarely in other investigations (Pun et al, 2007;Eesteghamati et al, 2009;Annarita et al, 2010;Kargar and Akbarizadeh, 2011). Non-typeable samples might be the result of a false-positive EIA, the presence of novel strains, the nonuse of specific primers for rare genotypes such as G5, G6, G11 or the failure in RT-PCR technique (WHO, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epidemiological studies in different regions of the world have indicated that in temperate climates, rotavirus diarrhea occurs predominantly during the cooler months and rarely in the summer months (Cook et al, 1990;Levy et al, 2009;Kargar and Akbarizadeh, 2011). But seasonal patterns in tropical climates have shown rates of rotavirus infection throughout the year with seasonal trends that are less well defined (Cook et al, 1990;Levy et al, 2009;Tatte et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotypic distribution of rotavirus strains causing severe gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old in Borazjan, Iran

Kargar¹,

Najafi²,

Zandi³

et al. 2011

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Rotaviruses are recognized as the most common causes of severe gastroenteritis and death among children worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the disease burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis and the prevalence of different G genotypes of rotaviruses circulating in children aged <5 years old who were hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis in Borazjan City, Iran. This cross sectional-descriptive study was done on 316 fecal samples collected from children aged <5 years old with acute gastroenteritis. All the stool specimens were tested for rotavirus with enzyme immunoassays (EIA). Rotavirus-positive specimens were genotyped by the Nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and using different type specific primers. Out of total collected samples rotavirus infection was detected in 88 (27.85%). Of the rotavirus episodes, 79.54% occurred during the first 2 years of life, with the peak prevalence of severe rotavirus disease occurring in cold seasons. Among the common genotypes, G1 was the most predominant (52.27% of strains) and other identified genotypes included non-typeable, G9 and G4, 40.90%, 4.54% and 2.27% of isolates, respectively. Because of the high frequency of rotavirus infection it is important to continue rotavirus surveillance in the other regions of Iran to determine accurately the burden of rotavirus disease and the emerging new genotypes. This will assist policy makers in decision making on rotavirus vaccine introduction.

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“…The search was performed on 2 databases 1) the Pubmed and 2) the IranMedex (a database indexing published studies in Farsi language). The literature search identified; 1) 2 major community surveys that reported the prevalence of all cause diarrhea, 2) one community based study that reported proportion of cause specific rotavirus diarrhea among outpatients with all cause diarrhea, 3) 9 hospital based studies [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] that reported the proportion of cause specific rotavirus diarrhea among the hospitalized all cause diarrheal patients. The two community surveys included; a World Bank funded research that measured prevalence of diarrhea in a sample of 5 cities throughout the country, 35 and the other one reported the result of the Multiple-Indicator Demographic and Health Survey (MIDHS) performed in 2010.…”

Section: The Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

The cost effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Iran

Jarrahi

Zahraei

Sadigh

et al. 2015

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea leading to hospitalization or disease-specific death among young children. Effective vaccines have recently been approved and successful vaccination program implemented. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost effectiveness of mass rotavirus vaccination program in Iran. We developed a Markov model that reflects key features of rotavirus natural history. Parameters of the model were assessed by field study or developed through literature search and published data. We applied the model to the 2009 Iranian birth cohort and evaluated the costeffectiveness of including the rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix®) into Iranian expanded immunization program (EPI). With an estimated hospitalization rate of 0.05 and outpatient rate of 0.23 cases per person-year, vaccinating cohort of 1231735 infants in Iran with 2 doses of (Rotarix®), would prevent 32092 hospitalizations, 158750 outpatient visits, and 1591 deaths during 5 y of follow-up. Under base-case assumption of $10 cost per course of vaccine, the vaccination would incur an extra cost of $1,019,192 from health care perspective and would avert 54680 DALYs. From societal perspective, there would be $15,192,568 saving for the society with the same averted DALYs. The incremental cost effectiveness ratio showed a cost of $19 US dollars per averted DALY from health care perspective and a saving of $278 US dollars for each averted DALY from societal perspective. Introducing rotavirus vaccine into EPI program would be highly cost-effective public health intervention in Iran.

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Prevalence and Molecular Genotyping of Group A Rotaviruses in Iranian Children

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Rotavirus gastroenteritis among hospitalized children under 5 years of age in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a review

Rotavirus gastroenteritis among hospitalized children under 5 years of age in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a review

Genotypic distribution of rotavirus strains causing severe gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old in Borazjan, Iran

The cost effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Iran

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