Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase, Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance, and Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli in Burkina Faso

Genomic Epidemiology of Carbapenemase-Producing and Colistin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae among Sepsis Patients in Ethiopia: a Whole-Genome Analysis

“…A majority of bla NDM-1 was detected at TASH, where it amounted to 13% of all isolates, while its detection in the northern and southern regions was rare (2% each). The dissemination of bla NDM was similar to findings from other African countries ( 8 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 35 – 37 ); however, a lower detection of bla NDM was reported in the United States ( 38 ). All cases of bla NDM-5 and bla OXA-181 genes were detected at TASH and were always carried concomitantly, which showed similarity to a study from India ( 26 ).…”

“…All cases of bla NDM-5 and bla OXA-181 genes were detected at TASH and were always carried concomitantly, which showed similarity to a study from India ( 26 ). The occurrence of bla OXA-48 -like carbapenemase genes also showed similarity to studies from other African countries ( 8 , 32 , 39 ) and India ( 26 ). While the bla KPC type of carbapenemase gene was reported in Egypt ( 35 ), China ( 6 , 32 ), the United States ( 36 ), and Portugal ( 37 ), no bla KPC carbapenemase genes were detected in this study, which has public health significance.…”

“…The bla NDM type (7%) was detected in all hospitals but was widely disseminated at TASH, with bla NDM -1 and bla NDM-5 as the two identified variants. Overall, bla NDM-1 (5%) was the most frequent carbapenemase gene detected that showed similarity with other studies across the globe ( 8 , 30 – 34 ). A majority of bla NDM-1 was detected at TASH, where it amounted to 13% of all isolates, while its detection in the northern and southern regions was rare (2% each).…”

“…Plasmid incompatibility (Inc) groups IncC, IncHI, IncF, IncR, and IncX3 were identified among carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates, where the plasmid IncF group was the most frequent type and included IncFIA(HI1), IncFIB(K), IncFIB(K) (pCAV1099-114), IncFIB(pQil), IncFIB(pKPHS1), IncFII, IncFII(K), and IncFII(pKP91). Several studies showed similar findings ( 8 , 14 , 40 , 41 ). Even if all strains described here carry multiple plasmids, not all bla NDM-1 genes could be unambiguously assigned to a particular plasmid.…”

“…The spread of CRE is a current global public health threat ( 5 , 6 ). Carbapenems are the last-line antibiotics for the treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae ( 7 ) and other multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae ( 8 ).…”