Prevalence and Interpretation of Recent Trends in Rates of Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Fombonne, Éric; Quirke, Sara; Hagen, Arlene

doi:10.26443/mjm.v12i2.265

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Regarding our sample, the initial characterization of the studied group was done taking into consideration data such as sex, age, level of ASD, and geographical location. Our group sample points to a frequency of 04 males to 01 female (81%-19%, respectively), which agrees with scientific literature [ 2 , 16 , 32 , 33 ]. Regarding the age of the respondents, most of them were born predominantly after the 2000s, more precisely from 2005 onwards.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Assessment of vulnerability dimensions considering Family History and environmental interplay in Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2023

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Background Despite previous studies have recently shown Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) as having a strong genetics background, over a minimum environmental background, no study up to date has investigated the interplay between genetics and environment. Methods We have collected data regarding Family History (FH) and Environmental Factors (EF) from 2,141 individuals with ASD and their caretakers throughout Brazil, based on an online questionnaire. Most of the ASD individuals were males (81%) and the average age was 02 years minimum for males and females, and the maximum age was 41 years for males and 54 for females. People from all states in Brazil have answered the questionnaire. Genetic inheritance was obtained based on the declared FH of Psychiatric and Neurological diagnosis. As for EF, exposure to risk factors during pregnancy was considered, like infections, diabetes, drugs/chemicals exposure, socioeconomic, and psychological factors. Respondents were invited to answer the questionnaire in lectures given throughout Brazil, and by the social networks of the NGO “The Tooth Fairy Project”. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was conducted to search vulnerability dimensions, and a Cluster Analysis was conducted to classify and identify the subgroups. Results Regarding EF, social and psychological exposures contributed to the first two dimensions. Concerning FH, the first dimension represented psychiatric FH, while the second represented neurological FH. When analyzed together, EF and FH contributed to two new dimensions: 1. psychiatric FH, and 2. a psychosocial component. Using Cluster Analysis, it was not possible to isolate subgroups by genetic vulnerability or environmental exposure. Instead, a gradient of psychiatric FH with similar contributions of EF was observed. Conclusion In this study, it was not possible to isolate groups of patients that correspond to only one component, but rather a continuum with different compositions of genetic and environmental interplay.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Assessment of vulnerability dimensions considering Family History and environmental interplay in Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2023

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“…The broad spectrum encompasses disorders previously labelled as childhood autism/autistic disorder, highfunctioning autism, atypical autism, Asperger's disorder and pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder not otherwise specified. Some epidemiological studies report a worldwide prevalence of approximately 50 to 70 per 10,000 (Elsabbagh et al, 2012;Fombonne, Quirke, & Hagen, 2009) for the broader definition of the autism spectrum. In some parts of the UK and the US, the prevalence has been reported to be more than 100 per 10,000 (Baird et al, 2006;Kogan et al, 2009) and as high as 157 per 10,000 children when statistically controlling for unknown cases (Baron-Cohen et al, 2009;Fombonne, 2009).…”

Section: The Value Of Cross-disordered Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some epidemiological studies report a worldwide prevalence of approximately 50 to 70 per 10,000 (Elsabbagh et al, 2012 ; Fombonne, Quirke, & Hagen, 2009 ) for the broader definition of the autism spectrum. In some parts of the UK and the US, the prevalence has been reported to be more than 100 per 10,000 (Baird et al, 2006 ; Kogan et al, 2009 ) and as high as 157 per 10,000 children when statistically controlling for unknown cases (Baron‐Cohen et al, 2009 ; Fombonne, 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PROTOCOL: Language interventions for improving oral language outcomes in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review

Donolato

Lervåg

Norbury

et al. 2019

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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BACKGROUND 1.1 | The problem, condition or issueThis protocol presents the plan for a systematic review that will investigate the effect of oral language interventions for children with intellectual disability (ID), language disorder (LD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Down syndrome (DS), Williams syndrome (WS), and fragile X syndrome (FXS). Language development is a highly frequent area of difficulty for children within these diagnostic groups, and oral language interventions are therefore important. However, to provide better evidence-informed practice, we need to investigate what oral language interventions are effective and for whom. The systematic review will not only investigate the effect of oral language interventions targeted at specific disorders but also identify interventions that may be yield similar improvements in different neurodevelopmental disorders.Language is a crucial skill to master in childhood. Many studies emphasise that language content, structure and functional use (pragmatics) in communication is important as a foundation for other key cognitive and social achievements (Stothard, Snowling, Bishop, Chipchase, & Kaplan, 1998). Language is obviously important for the child to communicate needs, participate in social interaction, engage in play, and share information and opinions with others (Bruner, 1975). In addition, language is a crucial pathway for developing other skills such as reading

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“…Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by differences in social communication and interaction and restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). One in 57 children in England has a diagnosis of autism (Roman‐Urrestarazu et al., 2021) and the sex 1 ratio is around four males to every one female (Fombonne, Quirke, & Hagen, 2009; Kreiser & White, 2014; Maenner et al., 2020; Solmi et al., 2022). However, the ratio is less extreme (around 3:1) in population‐based studies, suggesting that there is a proportion of women and girls reporting high autism traits that are not receiving a diagnosis, despite meeting clinical criteria (Loomes, Hull, & Mandy, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Review: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of sex differences in narrow constructs of restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests in autistic children, adolescents, and adults

Edwards

Wright

Sargeant

et al. 2023

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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BackgroundEvidence that autism often manifests differently between males and females is growing, particularly in terms of social interaction and communication, but it is unclear if there are sex differences in restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests (RRBIs) when rigorously focusing on the narrow construct level (i.e., stereotyped behaviour, restricted interests, insistence on sameness, and/or sensory experiences).MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and four random effects meta‐analyses investigating sex differences in narrow construct measures of RRBIs in autistic children, adolescents, and adults (Prospero registration ID: CRD42021254221). Study quality was appraised using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.ResultsForty‐six studies were narratively synthesised and 25 of these were included in four random effects meta‐analyses. Results found that autistic males had significantly higher levels of stereotyped behaviours (SMD = 0.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.09, 0.33], p < .001) and restricted interests (SMD = 0.18, 95% CI [0.07, 0.29], p < .001) compared to autistic females. In contrast, there were no significant sex differences for sensory experiences (SMD = −0.09, 95% CI [−0.27, 0.09], p = .32) and insistence on sameness (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI [−0.03, 0.05], p = .68). The findings from the narrative synthesis were generally consistent with those from the meta‐analyses and also found qualitative sex differences in the way RRBIs manifest.ConclusionsOur findings show significant differences in narrowly defined RRBIs in males and females. Practitioners need to be aware of such differences, which could be contributing to the under‐recognition of autism in females and may not be captured by current diagnostic instruments.

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Prevalence and Interpretation of Recent Trends in Rates of Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Cited by 26 publications

References 62 publications

Assessment of vulnerability dimensions considering Family History and environmental interplay in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Assessment of vulnerability dimensions considering Family History and environmental interplay in Autism Spectrum Disorder

PROTOCOL: Language interventions for improving oral language outcomes in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review

Research Review: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of sex differences in narrow constructs of restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests in autistic children, adolescents, and adults

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