Prevalence and Impact of Thyroid Disorders on Maternal Outcome in Asian-Indian Pregnant Women

Abstract

Aims. To establish the prevalence and the effect of thyroid dysfunction on pregnancy outcomes in Asian-Indian population. Subjects and Methods. The study cohort comprised of 483 consecutive pregnant women in the first trimester attending the antenatal clinic of a tertiary center in Mumbai, India. Thyroid hormone levels and thyroid peroxidase antibody were estimated. Patients with thyroid dysfunction were assessed periodically or treated depending on the severity. Subjects were followed until delivery. Results. The prevalence of hypothyroidism, Graves' disease, gestational transient thyrotoxicosis, and thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) was 4.8% (n = 24), 0.6% (n = 3), 6.4 % (n = 31), and 12.4% (n = 60), respectively. Forty percent of the hypothyroid patients did not have any high-risk characteristics. Hypothyroidism and TAI were associated with miscarriage (P = 0.02 and P = 0.001, resp.). Conclusions. The prevalence of hypothyroidism (4.8%) and TAI (12.4%) is high. TAI and hypothyroidism were significantly associated with miscarriage.

Prevalence of thyroid disorders among patients attending the antenatal clinic at tertiary care centre, Parel, Mumbai, India

“…A few studies showed a prevalence of thyroid disorder in pregnancy 4.8% to 11%. 2,3 Thyroid disorders in pregnancy are mostly caused by autoimmune disorder. Hypothyroidism in pregnancy is usually caused by Hashimoto's disease and occurs in three to five out of every 1,000 pregnancies.…”

Fetal and Neonatal Outcome in Thyroid Dysfunction

“…Higher % of subclinical hypothyroidism was found in 20-25 yrs group .Overt hypothyroidism was more in >35yr group and other types more in below 20 yrs group. The mean age at presentation of all types of thyroid dysfunction was 25.19 + 4.17 and overt hypothyroid women had higher maternal age reason may be the current trend of older women having conception (7) . Most of the diseases were diagnosed in the first trimester.…”

Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy

“…In a study carried in India, the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was high with subclinical hypothyroidism found in 6.47% and overt hypothyroidism found in 4.58% of pregnant women 4 . Hyperthyroidism is less commonly encountered in pregnancy with a prevalence of 0.2-0.6% 5 .…”