Prevalence and Homology of the Pneumococcal Serine-Rich Repeat Protein at the Global Scale

Aceil, Javid; Venkat, Aarya; Pan, Eric; Kannan, Natarajan; Avci, Fikri Y.

doi:10.1128/spectrum.03252-22

Microbiol Spectr

2023

DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03252-22

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Prevalence and Homology of the Pneumococcal Serine-Rich Repeat Protein at the Global Scale

Javid Aceil

Aarya Venkat

Eric Pan

et al.

Abstract: An updated outlook on PsrP prevalence and serotype distribution sheds new light on the comprehensiveness of a PsrP-based protein vaccine. The protein is present in all vaccine serotypes and highly present in the next wave of potentially disease-causing serotypes not included in the current multivalent conjugate vaccines.

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Cited by 2 publications

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Emerging vaccine strategies against the incessant pneumococcal disease

Duke,

Avci

2023

npj Vaccines

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The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by infection with the pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) has been on a downward trend for decades due to worldwide vaccination programs. Despite the clinical successes observed, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) reports that the continued global burden of S. pneumoniae will be in the millions each year, with a case-fatality rate hovering around 5%. Thus, it is a top priority to continue developing new Spn vaccination strategies to harness immunological insight and increase the magnitude of protection provided. As emphasized by the World Health Organization (WHO), it is also crucial to broaden the implementation of vaccines that are already obtainable in the clinical setting. This review focuses on the immune mechanisms triggered by existing pneumococcal vaccines and provides an overview of the current and upcoming clinical strategies being employed. We highlight the associated challenges of serotype selectivity and using pneumococcal-derived proteins as alternative vaccine antigens.

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Emerging vaccine strategies against the incessant pneumococcal disease

Duke,

Avci

2023

npj Vaccines

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Serine-rich repeat proteins: well-known yet little-understood bacterial adhesins

Cinar,

Niyas,

Avci

2024

J Bacteriol

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Serine-rich-repeat proteins (SRRPs) are large mucin-like glycoprotein adhesins expressed by a plethora of pathogenic and symbiotic Gram-positive bacteria. SRRPs play major functional roles in bacterial-host interactions, like adhesion, aggregation, biofilm formation, virulence, and pathogenesis. Through their functional roles, SRRPs aid in the development of host microbiomes but also diseases like infective endocarditis, otitis media, meningitis, and pneumonia. SRRPs comprise shared domains across different species, including two or more heavily O-glycosylated long stretches of serine-rich repeat regions. With loci that can be as large as ~40 kb and can encode up to 10 distinct glycosyltransferases that specifically facilitate SRRP glycosylation, the SRRP loci makes up a significant portion of the bacterial genome. The significance of SRRPs and their glycans in host-microbe communications is becoming increasingly evident. Studies are beginning to reveal the glycosylation pathways and mature O-glycans presented by SRRPs. Here we review the glycosylation machinery of SRRPs across species and discuss the functional roles and clinical manifestations of SRRP glycosylation.

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Prevalence and Homology of the Pneumococcal Serine-Rich Repeat Protein at the Global Scale

Cited by 2 publications

References 45 publications

Emerging vaccine strategies against the incessant pneumococcal disease

Emerging vaccine strategies against the incessant pneumococcal disease

Serine-rich repeat proteins: well-known yet little-understood bacterial adhesins

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