Prevalence and Factors Associated With Episiotomy in Shahroud City, Northeast of Iran

Rasouli, Masoumeh; Keramat, Afsaneh; Khosravi, Ahmad; Mohabatpour, Zahra

doi:10.15296/ijwhr.2016.29

Cited by 36 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Those women who had attended secondary education and those mothers who attend college and above were more likely incised during delivery compared to those mothers who did not attend formal education. This finding was supported by a study conducted in Iran [ 31 ]. This may be due to being educated allows having information or getting aware of the needed interested area.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This finding is lower than the study conducted in Uganda (73%) [ 28 ] and in northern Nigeria (89.3%) [ 29 ]. However, this finding is higher than the study conducted in Vietnamese-born women in Australia (29.9%) [ 27 ]; Nigeria (21%) [ 30 ]; Brazil 29.1% [ 22 ]; Iran 41.5% [ 31 ]; Kano, Nigeria 41.4% [ 32 ]; Nepal 22% [ 33 ]; East African women in Australia 30% [ 34 ]; Eastern Nigeria 45% [ 23 ]; Mizan Aman 30.6% [ 17 ]; Addis Ababa 40.2% [ 16 ]; Shire 41.4% [ 20 ]; and Jimma 25% [ 15 ]. This difference might be due to the difference in time of the studies conducted, study settings of the study participants, and characteristics of the study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Magnitude of Episiotomy and Associated Factors among Mothers Who Give Birth in Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: Observation-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Fikadu

Boti

Tadesse

et al. 2020

Journal of Pregnancy

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Background. Episiotomy is the most common obstetric procedure, performed when the clinical circumstances place the patient at a high risk of high-degree laceration. However, episiotomy should be done with judicious indication to lower perineal laceration with fewer complications. Despite its adverse effects, the magnitude of episiotomy is increasing due to different factors. Therefore, this study is aimed at determining the recent magnitude of episiotomy and at identifying associated factors among women who gave delivery in Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 15, 2018, to January 30, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect data. This was supplemented with a review of the labor and delivery records. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the magnitude of episiotomy. P value ≤ 0.05 was used to determine the level of statistically significant variables. Results. The magnitude of episiotomy was found to be 272 (68.0%) with 95%CI=64.0‐72.5. Women who attended secondary education [AOR=10.24, 95%CI=2.81‐37.34], women who attended college and above [AOR=4.61, 95%CI=1.27‐16.71], birth weight≥3000 g [AOR=4.84, 95%CI=2.66‐8.82], primipara [AOR=4.13, 95%CI=2.40‐7.12], being housewife occupants [AOR=3.43, 95%CI=1.20‐9.98], married women [AOR=2.86, 95%CI=1.40‐5.84], and body mass index<25 kg/m2 [AOR=2.85, 95%CI=1.50‐5.44] were independent variables found to have significant association with episiotomy. Conclusion. The magnitude of episiotomy was 68.0% which is higher than the recommended practice by WHO (10%). The study participants’ occupational status, marital status, educational status, parity, birth weight, and BMI were significantly associated with the magnitude of episiotomy in the study area. Therefore, to reduce the rate of episiotomy, it is better to have periodic training for birth attendants regarding the indication of episiotomy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Magnitude of Episiotomy and Associated Factors among Mothers Who Give Birth in Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: Observation-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Fikadu

Boti

Tadesse

et al. 2020

Journal of Pregnancy

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show abstract

“…High levels of perceived disrespectful maternity care in Iran may appear to be due to the fact that childbirth in Iran is not women-centered and mainly focused on medical interventions. Episiotomy for primiparous women and use of oxytocin during labour are regarded as acceptable and routine procedures in Iran without informed consent of women or any involvement in the decision making process [19,20]. Whereas in European countries less than half of the women receive oxytocin or episiotomy during labour [21,22] and routine use of oxytocin or episiotomy without permission of the woman is considered obstetric violence [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of perceived disrespectful maternity care in postpartum Iranian women: a cross-sectional study

Hajizadeh

Vaezi

Meedya

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background: Disrespectful maternity care is a key impediment to achieving a good quality care. Identifying predicting factors can be used in mitigating any potential risk in for disrespect and abuse in maternity care. The present study was conducted to determine prevalence and predictors of perceived disrespectful maternity care among Iranian women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three public and three private hospitals in the city of Tabriz involving 334 postpartum women. Tools included socio-demographic, pregnancy, labour and birth characteristics questionnaires, and disrespect and abuse scales. Data were collected in 6 to 18 h after birth. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of disrespectful maternity care. Results: A majority of the women (253; 75.7%) reported one or several types of perceived disrespectful maternity care. The most frequent types related to not allowing women to choose labour positions (142; 44.3%) and not allowing them to move during labour (148; 42.5%). Nighttime childbirth (aOR 3.07; 95% CI 1.61 to 5.88) increased the likelihood of perceived disrespectful maternity care. However, presence of spouses to accompany their wives in waiting rooms (aOR 0.32; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.88), the attendance of private physicians (aOR 0.05; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.12), and midwives (aOR 0.22; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.45) decreased the likelihood of perceived disrespectful maternity care. Conclusion: The results showed high levels of perceived disrespectful maternity care in postpartum women. Therefore, appropriate interventions, such as encouraging spouses' presence, increasing the number of night shift staff, and training obstetric residents and midwives by holding ethics classes, with particular emphasis on empathy with patients.

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“…In our study in more than half of the women (63.42%) only reported respectful maternity care which is consistent with the findings of a study conducted in Ethiopia (66%) by Sheferaw et al (2017) [ 25 ]. This levels of respectful maternity care in Iran may appear to be due to the fact that childbirth in Iran is not women-centered and mainly focused on medical interventions such as performing episiotomy and routine use of oxytocin without decision making process [ 9 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respectful maternity care and its relationship with childbirth experience in Iranian women: a prospective cohort study

Hajizadeh

Vaezi

Meedya

et al. 2020

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background: Intrapartum respectful maternity care is defined as a fundamental human right that can affect the mother's experiences. This study aimed to determine the status of respectful maternity care and its relationship with childbirth experience among Iranian women. Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited 334 postpartum women in postpartum wards of two public and four private hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. Quota sampling was used based on the number of births in each hospital. Data were collected through interviews with the use of the following tools: sociodemographic and obstetrics characteristics questionnaire, respectful maternity care scale (6 to 18 h postpartum), and childbirth experience questionnaire (30 to 45 days postpartum). The General Linear Model was used to determine the relationship between respectful maternity care and childbirth experience. Results: The mean respectful maternity care score was 62.58 with a range of 15 to 75, and the total childbirth experience score was 3.29 with a range of 1 to 4. After adjusting for sociodemographic and obstetrics characteristics, a statistically significant direct correlation was found between respectful maternity care and a positive childbirth experience (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings reveals a direct relationship between respectful maternity care and positive childbirth experience. Therefore, it is recommended that mangers and policy makers in childbirth facilities reinforce facilitating a respectful maternity care to improve women's child birth experience and prevent potential adverse effects of negative childbirth experiences.

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Prevalence and Factors Associated With Episiotomy in Shahroud City, Northeast of Iran

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

Magnitude of Episiotomy and Associated Factors among Mothers Who Give Birth in Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: Observation-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Magnitude of Episiotomy and Associated Factors among Mothers Who Give Birth in Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: Observation-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence and predictors of perceived disrespectful maternity care in postpartum Iranian women: a cross-sectional study

Respectful maternity care and its relationship with childbirth experience in Iranian women: a prospective cohort study

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