Prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Uganda—a descriptive retrospective study

Salome, Tino; Mayanja, Billy N.; Mubiru, Michael; Eling, Emmanuel; Ddumba, Edward; Kaleebu, Pontiano; Nyirenda, Moffat

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039258

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…1 Type 2 DM (T2DM) accounts for over 75% of all cases globally; and it's associated with modifiable risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy dietary habits, sedentary life style, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking. [2][3][4][5] DM is characterized by hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and disordered immune function that result in micro and macrovascular complications such as peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, peripheral vascular disease, stroke and coronary artery disease. [6][7][8] Despite advances in DM diagnosis, therapies and supportive management, these complications account for a growing burden of morbidity, and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Complications and Associated Factors: A 5-Year Facility-Based Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Rwanda

Iradukunda¹,

Kembabazi²,

Ssewante³

et al. 2021

DMSO

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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both. Despite advances in DM diagnosis and management, the incidence of DM-related complications remains high. This study aimed to determine patterns of common complications and associated factors among hospitalized patients in Rwanda. Methods: A cross-sectional study, with retrospective chart review, was conducted at CHUK from July to August, 2021. Charts for DM patients admitted from January 2016 to December 2020 were considered while those inaccessible at the time of data collection were excluded. Linear regression model was used to assess the relationship between dependent and independent variables with a p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 246 charts were reviewed. The median age was 56 years (IQR: 14-90). More than half of participants (n = 135; 54.9%) were females; majority from the Central region (n = 138; 56.7%). Recorded DM risk factors included alcohol intake (n = 81; 48.5%); smoking (n = 40; 24.2%), obesity (n = 43; 52.4%), and family history of DM (n = 27; 56.3%). Majority (n = 153; 84.5%) had type 2 DM and (n = 147; 69%) had known their diagnosis for at least 6 years. Hypertension (n = 124, 50.4%), acute hyperglycemic state (n = 59, 24%), nephropathy (n = 58, 23.6%), and stroke (n = 38, 15.4%) were frequently reported complications. Nearly all participants (n = 81, 95.2%) with complications had poor glycemic control. Alcohol intake, age ≥45 years, and T1DM were associated with higher odds of DM complications (aOR = 8, 95% CI = 2-32.6, p = 0.003, aOR = 6.2, 95% CI = 1.4-27.6, p = 0.016 and aOR = 14.1, 95% CI = 1.2-161.5, p = 0.034, respectively). Duration of DM (p = 0.001) was significant at bivariate analysis. Conclusion: DM complications were prevalent among the studied population with poor glycemic control mainly influenced by alcohol consumption and duration of DM. Expansion of integrated DM and hypertension screening services to lower-level centers is needed to reduce the associated morbidity and mortality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Complications and Associated Factors: A 5-Year Facility-Based Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Rwanda

Iradukunda¹,

Kembabazi²,

Ssewante³

et al. 2021

DMSO

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“…Our findings are similar to the Ugandan retrospective study, which reported a high prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst T2DM patients. 32 It has been reported that overweight and obesity amongst patients with diabetes increase burden of disease and poor outcomes. 33 Five longitudinal cohort studies conducted have pointed out that overweight or obese patients with diabetes are at a twofold higher risk of mortality compared with those with normal BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst patients with diabetes and their non-diabetic family members in Senwabarwana, Limpopo province, South Africa

Mphasha

Skaal

Mothiba

2022

South African Family Practice

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Background: Diabetes remains a public health concern and the second cause of mortality in South Africa. Family history of diabetes increases risk of developing diabetes. Obesity amongst patients is associated with comorbidity, whilst amongst non-diabetic family members it is associated with developing diabetes. This study aimed at determining prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst patients with diabetes and non-diabetic family members.Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 200 patients and 200 non-diabetic family members were selected using systematic random sampling from rural clinics of Senwabarwana. Data were collected using close-ended questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured and interpreted according to World Health Organization guidelines. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-square test was used to calculate associations at 95% confidence interval where a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Most patients (75.5%) had comorbidities and hypertension was most prevalent (89.0%). Over half of the patients (57.0%) and 38.0% of family members were obese. Most patients (75.0%) and 58.0% of family members had abdominal obesity.Conclusion: Patients with diabetes suffer from comorbidities are overweight and obese whilst evidence from various studies suggest that non-diabetic family members are at added risk of developing diabetes because of higher BMI and abdominal obesity. There is an urgent need to create a conducive environment that discourages sedentary behaviours through lifestyle modifications using the family centred approach, and involve family members in the care of patients.

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“…In addition, many scholars believe that the shocking increase in DM prevalence in all populations of the world can be attributed to modifiable risk factors such as advanced age, physical inactivity, overweight and obesity, excessive drinking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and increased urbanisation 11–15. However, the majority of such studies were conducted in African and western countries, where people have different racial and demographic characteristics than Asians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated factors of diabetes mellitus among individuals aged 18 years and above in Xiaoshan District, China, 2018: a community-based cross-sectional study

Jiang

Lin

et al. 2022

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveWith the rapid development of the Chinese economy, Xiaoshan District, Zhejiang Province has experienced urbanisation, population ageing and significant lifestyle changes, so diabetes mellitus (DM) has attracted more attention. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of DM and its risk factors among individuals aged 18 years and above in the district.Study design and methodsA community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Xiaoshan, China from 1 March to 31 August 2018. A multistage sampling method was used. Sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics were collected using a combination of centralised surveys and household surveys. Anthropometric parameters were measured with standardised techniques and calibrated equipment. Venous blood samples were obtained after at least 8 hours of fasting to determine the level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and blood lipids. A standard 2-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was also given if 6.1 mmol/L≤FBG<7.0 mmol/L. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associated factors of DM.ResultsThe overall prevalence of DM was 12.47%, and the proportion of previously undiagnosed DM (UDM) was 48.66%. The prevalence of pre-diabetes was 10.92%. Age, family history of DM (FHDM), obesity, abdominal obesity, systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly associated with DM.ConclusionsThis study found a high prevalence of DM and pre-diabetes, especially a high prevalence of UDM among adults. The associated risk factors identified for DM were age, FHDM, obesity, abdominal obesity, SBP, TG and HDL-C.

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Prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Uganda—a descriptive retrospective study

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Diabetic Complications and Associated Factors: A 5-Year Facility-Based Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Rwanda

Diabetic Complications and Associated Factors: A 5-Year Facility-Based Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Rwanda

Prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst patients with diabetes and their non-diabetic family members in Senwabarwana, Limpopo province, South Africa

Prevalence and associated factors of diabetes mellitus among individuals aged 18 years and above in Xiaoshan District, China, 2018: a community-based cross-sectional study

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