Prevalence and Factors Associated with Smokeless Tobacco Use, 2014-2016

Abstract

Objectives We aimed to determine whether the prevalence of current use of smokeless tobacco products (STPs) changed during 2014–2016 and examine factors associated with use among adults in the United States (US). Methods Data were obtained from Tobacco Products and Risk Perceptions Surveys of probability samples representative of US adults in 2014, 2015, and 2016. Change over time in current (past 30 day) STP use was examined using pairwise comparisons of proportions and multivariable logistic regression. Associated factors were examined using Rao-Scott χ2 and multivariable logistic regression. Results The prevalence of current STP use was higher in 2015 (3.6%) than in 2014 (2.3%, p < .001) and 2016 (2.7%, p = .018) among US adults. In 2016, current STP use was associated with being male, under age 60, currently using hookah or e-cigarettes, and having less than a college degree. Rates of use did not vary by cigarette smoking status, race/ethnicity, income, or metropolitan statistical area (MSA). Conclusions The prevalence of current STP use peaked in 2015. In 2016, current STP use was more prevalent among males and adults with lower education. Continuous monitoring of STP use is needed, particularly non-cigarette tobacco product users.

A National Comparison of Dual Users of Smokeless Tobacco and Cigarettes and Exclusive Cigarette Smokers, 2015–2016

“…A total of 6051 and 6014 participants completed the 2015 and 2016 surveys, respectively, and additional details of the surveys can be found elsewhere. 9 Data from both survey years were pooled to improve the precision of the estimates. Participants completed the 2015 main survey in 25 min (median) and received a cash-equivalent of $5 for their participation or $10 if they had not completed the survey within the first 13 days of data collection.…”

Was there any change in tobacco smoking among adults in Bangladesh during 2009–2017? Insights from two nationally representative cross-sectional surveys

“…GATS is a nationally representative survey that follows a consistent and standardised process. 17 18 This survey’s target population comprises all Bangladeshi men and women aged 15 years and above. A three-stage stratified cluster sample of households was used for the GATS 2009 survey.…”

A Comparison of Tobacco Product Prevalence by Different Frequency of Use Thresholds Across Three US&nbsp;Surveys&nbsp;

“…While cigarette smoking remains a central concern, the reduction in smoking prevalence [9] in the United States (US) in recent years has been accompanied by an increase in the use of e-cigarettes [10] and other non-cigarette tobacco products (e.g. smokeless tobacco) [11][12][13][14]. In estimating the use of other tobacco products, current use is often de ned as use on at least one day in the past 30 days [15].…”