Prevalence and factors associated with renal disease among patients with newly diagnoses of HIV in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo

Epidemiological, Clinical and Biological Aspects of Kidney Disease in People Living with HIV Naive Antiretroviral Therapy at CHU Sylvanus Olympio of Lome (TOGO)

“…Women were the most represented with a sex ratio H/F of 0.45 as in the previous Mouhari study [13]. Msango [11] and Ekat [6] found respectively 65% and 66.13% of women. The CKD in Africa in the general population mainly affects men but in the population of PLHIV, these data are reversed given the prevalence of HIV in the female sex [14].…”

“…Apart from Msango's work in Tanzania, which has a prevalence of 63.7% [11] higher than ours, all similar work in Africa has a lower prevalence than our result. Ekat in Brazzaville [6], Anyabolu in Nigeria [12] found respectively a prevalence of 42% and 22.5%. The difference in methodology is the main explanation for this great variability of prevalence in these different works.…”

“…Indeed, Msango in Tanzania [11] used the Cockroft and Gault equation, which is known to underestimate eGFR in patients with low muscle mass. In the Anyabolu [12] and Ekat [6] studies, kidney disease was defined based on renal failure values of Open Journal of Nephrology disease stage. Mouhari [13] in his work on the biological profile of patients at the initiation of ARV treatment in 2011, performed in the same department found a Open Journal of Nephrology prevalence of 33.2%, significantly lower than our result due to the methodological threshold.…”

“…In 2007, a multicenter study in 31 countries in Europe, Asia and North America among people living with HIV (PLHIV) reported a prevalence of 4.7% of chronic renal failure [3]. In sub-Saharan Africa, several studies have been carried out, each using different criteria for diagnosing kidney failure: it has been noted therefore a prevalence of renal disease of 6% in South Africa [4], 25% in Kenya [5] and 42% in Brazzaville [6].…”

Renal dysfunction by baseline CD4 cell count in a cohort of adults starting antiretroviral treatment regardless of CD4 count in the HIV Prevention Trials Network 071 [HPTN 071; Population Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission (PopART)] study in South Africa

“…Programmatic studies from high‐burden settings show a varying prevalence of baseline renal dysfunction among individuals starting ART . The reported association between baseline CD4 count and baseline renal dysfunction also varies, with some studies showing higher baseline renal dysfunction at lower CD4 counts and other studies showing no association .…”