Prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among Yoruba adults in a semi-urban community in South-Western Nigeria

Akinsulore, Adesanmi; Esimai, Olapeju A.; Afolabi, Olusegun T.; Aloba, Olutayo; Mapayi, Boladale

doi:10.5455/jbh.20150407103425

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…We however caution on extrapolation of findings to other cultures due to known influences of culture on mental health [ 43 ]. The study was conducted in a setting that was predominantly Yoruba, an ethnic group known to have very strong family orientation which is patho-protective [ 44 ]. The SBQ-R tool used to measure suicidal ideation/attempt had been validated among undergraduate students in the same study community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health practices and oral hygiene status as indicators of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Southwest Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Background Oral health is a less-recognized correlate of overall and mental wellbeing. This study aimed to assess the relationship between suicidal behavior (ideation and attempt) and oral health practices and status, and to determine the effect of sex on these associations among Nigerian adolescents. Methods Household survey data were collected from 10 to 19-year-old adolescents in southwestern Nigeria. Dependent variables were daily tooth brushing, daily consumption of refined carbohydrates between meals, and oral hygiene status (measured by plaque index). The independent variable was lifetime suicidal ideation/attempt, dichotomized into ‘yes’ and ‘never’. ‘Daily tooth brushing’ and ‘daily consumption of refined carbohydrates between meals’ were included in two separate logistic regression models, and ‘oral hygiene status’ was included in a linear regression model. The models were adjusted for sex, age, and socioeconomic status. The linear regression model was also adjusted for frequency of daily tooth-brushing and of consumption of refined carbohydrates between meals. Interactions between sex and suicidal ideation/suicide attempt in association with dependent variables were assessed. Significance was set at 5%. Results We recruited 1,472 participants with mean age (standard deviation) of 14.6 (2.6) years. The mean plaque index was 0.84 (0.56), and 66 (4.5%) adolescents reported ever having suicidal ideation/attempt. Suicidal ideation/attempt was associated with significantly lower likelihood of tooth brushing (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.91), higher likelihood of consuming refined carbohydrates between meals (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.29, 4.10), and having poor oral hygiene (B = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.32). Among males, suicidal ideation/attempt was associated with less likelihood of eating refined carbohydrates between meals (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.35, 2.61). Conversely, it was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of this outcome (OR = 4.85, 95% CI: 2.23, 10.55) among females. Conclusion The study findings suggest that poor tooth brushing habits and poor oral hygiene are indicators for risk of suicidal behavior for adolescents in Nigeria, while high sugar consumption may be an additional risk factor for adolescent females. These findings support the role of dental practitioners as members of healthcare teams responsible for screening, identifying and referring patients at risk for suicidal ideation/attempt.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health practices and oral hygiene status as indicators of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Southwest Nigeria

et al. 2021

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“…15 One study claims that 52% of people, between the ages of 21 and 84 years, are suffering from multimorbidity,16 whereas a study conducted by Garin et al 17 in 2014 found a burden of 67% multimorbidity among elderly Spanish women. Furthermore, among developing countries, in Bangladesh, the prevalence of multimorbidity is 53.8% among older adults,11 and in India the burden of multimorbidity is at 22%,18 while among the Pakistani population aged 18 years and older it was reported at 4.9% 19. Thus, the prevalence of multimorbidity varies from 4.9% to 67% in various countries 19–21…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and their association with multimorbidity and demographic factors: a community-based, cross-sectional survey in Karachi, Pakistan

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and their association with multimorbidity and the demographic characteristics of adults aged 30 years and above in Karachi, Pakistan.DesignObservational cross-sectional study.Study setting and participantsThe study was carried out among a general population aged 30 years and above residing in the Gulshan-e-Iqbal town of Karachi, Pakistan. The study participants were recruited using the systematic random sampling approach based on the inclusion criteria. The data collected from 2867 participants were analysed.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome of the study was the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms, measured with the Aga Khan University Anxiety Depression Scale. The secondary outcome was the association of anxiety and depressive symptoms with multimorbidity as well as with the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, using binary logistic regression.ResultsOut of 2867 individuals, 27.4% reported having anxiety and depressive symptoms. The multivariate logistic regression model revealed that the presence of multimorbidity (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.33, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.58), female gender (AOR=2.40, 95% CI 2.01 to 2.87), illiteracy (AOR=1.51, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.07), more children (AOR=0.74, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.93) and visiting a faith healer (AOR=2.29, 95% CI 1.82 to 2.88) were the significant factors associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms.ConclusionThis study revealed a moderately high prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among adults aged 30 years and above in Karachi, Pakistan. The key variables associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms were multimorbidity, female gender, lower level of education, more children and visiting faith healers.

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Prevalence of Mental Disorders Among Patients with Multimorbidity Visiting Primary Care Settings in Slums of Karachi, Pakistan

Sharif,

Sheikh,

Thompson

et al. 2024

J Prim Care Community Health

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Background: Anxiety and depression often exacerbate multimorbidity conditions, leading to increased disability rates among affected individuals. Objective: The study aimed to assess the mental health status of individuals with multimorbidity belonging to the marginalized population of Karachi, Pakistan. Specifically, the prevalence of anxiety and depression was investigated. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2022 and June 2023 in 10 primary healthcare clinics located in 4 peri-urban areas of Karachi. A total of 9331 participants were included in the study. The Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (PHQ-4), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) were used to assess symptoms of anxiety and depression. The data collected were analyzed using the statistical analysis system (SAS) version 9.4. Results: Among the study participants, 2894 (31%) were men and 5534 (59.3%) were women. The prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety was 31% among men and 59.3% among women. The age group between 41 and 60 years exhibited the highest rates of moderate to severe anxiety, 19.3% as evaluated by GAD-7 and 34.6% by PHQ-9. The Pathan ethnic group had the highest prevalence of anxiety (11%) and depression (28.3%) in the neighborhoods. Unemployed participants showed moderate to severe anxiety in 21.3% of the cases and moderate to severe depression in 25.5% of the cases. Conclusion: The study revealed a significant cooccurrence of anxiety and depression among individuals with multimorbidity in the marginalized population of Karachi, Pakistan. Furthermore, the presence of anxiety symptoms in multimorbidity patients with depression indicates a more unfavorable health state. It is essential to explore the implementation of screening measures and therapeutic interventions for comorbid anxiety and depression in this population to improve clinical outcomes.

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Prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among Yoruba adults in a semi-urban community in South-Western Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Oral health practices and oral hygiene status as indicators of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Southwest Nigeria

Oral health practices and oral hygiene status as indicators of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Southwest Nigeria

Prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and their association with multimorbidity and demographic factors: a community-based, cross-sectional survey in Karachi, Pakistan

Prevalence of Mental Disorders Among Patients with Multimorbidity Visiting Primary Care Settings in Slums of Karachi, Pakistan

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