Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hypertension among Adolescents in Malaysia

Liew, Jeffrey; Cheong, Xian Pei; Law, Leh Shii; Teo, W. H.; Eng, Stephanie; Ngim, Chun-Han; Ramadas, Amutha

doi:10.31436/imjm.v18i1.225

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, childhood and adolescence are the crucial stages for hypertension control and prevention prior to any further clinical symptoms related to hypertension-associated cardiovascular disease [ 9 ]. The prevalence of hypertension was reported to be 24.5% among adolescents in Malaysia in a recent study [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Model to Classify Hypertension in Adolescents Using Anthropometric Measurements: A Cross-Sectional Study in Sarawak, Malaysia

Chai

Cheah

Goh³

et al. 2021

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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This study outlines and developed a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network model for adolescent hypertension classification focusing on the use of simple anthropometric and sociodemographic data collected from a cross-sectional research study in Sarawak, Malaysia. Among the 2,461 data collected, 741 were hypertensive (30.1%) and 1720 were normal (69.9%). During the data gathering process, eleven anthropometric measurements and sociodemographic data were collected. The variable selection procedure in the methodology proposed selected five parameters: weight, weight-to-height ratio (WHtR), age, sex, and ethnicity, as the input of the network model. The developed MLP model with a single hidden layer of 50 hidden neurons managed to achieve a sensitivity of 0.41, specificity of 0.91, precision of 0.65, F -score of 0.50, accuracy of 0.76, and Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve (AUC) of 0.75 using the imbalanced data set. Analyzing the performance metrics obtained from the training, validation and testing data sets show that the developed network model is well-generalized. Using Bayes’ Theorem, an adolescent classified as hypertensive using this created model has a 66.2% likelihood of having hypertension in the Sarawak adolescent population, which has a hypertension prevalence of 30.1%. When the prevalence of hypertension in the Sarawak population was increased to 50%, the developed model could predict an adolescent having hypertension with an 82.0% chance, whereas when the prevalence of hypertension was reduced to 10%, the developed model could only predict true positive hypertension with a 33.6% chance. With the sensitivity of the model increasing to 65% and 90% while retaining a specificity of 91%, the true positivity of an adolescent being hypertension would be 75.7% and 81.2%, respectively, according to Bayes’ Theorem. The findings show that simple anthropometric measurements paired with sociodemographic data are feasible to be used to classify hypertension in adolescents using the developed MLP model in Sarawak adolescent population with modest hypertension prevalence. However, a model with higher sensitivity and specificity is required for better positive hypertension predictive value when the prevalence is low. We conclude that the developed classification model could serve as a quick and easy preliminary warning tool for screening high-risk adolescents of developing hypertension.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Model to Classify Hypertension in Adolescents Using Anthropometric Measurements: A Cross-Sectional Study in Sarawak, Malaysia

Chai

Cheah

Goh³

et al. 2021

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension among the Urban Population in Southeast Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nawi

Mohammad

Jetly

et al. 2021

International Journal of Hypertension

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The trend of global prevalence for hypertension has been dramatically increasing for the past two decades in Southeast Asian countries. A systematic review aiming to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among the urban population in Southeast Asian countries was conducted. We performed database searches of PubMed and Web of Science and performed meta-analysis to determine the pooled prevalence estimate. The overall pooled prevalence estimate of hypertension for Southeast Asian urban population was 33.82%. Among this, 33.98% of hypertension was reported in the community and 32.45% among adolescents in school. The common risk factors that we found were male, ethnicity, education and socioeconomic level, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking, and dyslipidaemia. The review indicates an urgent need for primary and secondary prevention activities. Therefore, a multisectoral and intersectoral approach and collaboration should be undertaken to improve the overall health outcomes of all populations in all Southeast Asian countries.

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Recent research patterns and factors influencing eating behaviour amongst Malaysian youths: a scoping review

Abang Brian,

Stephenson,

Tan

2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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IntroductionThis scoping review focuses on the eating behaviour of Malaysian youths and the way in which their eating behaviour has been studied in recent years. There is a continuous need to comprehend the nature and structure of eating behaviour acquired during young adulthood as it is linked to the increasing number of adults who are overweight and obese. Past research has been employed using various methodologies in the analysis of different dimensions of eating behaviour amongst Malaysian youths. This enquiry reviewed recent studies to collate and map out the methodologies, areas of research and factors associated with eating behaviour amongst this target group.MethodsThe “preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews” (PRISMA-ScR) was adopted for this scoping review which utilised the EBSCOhost discovery platform and other such databases as Sage, ProQuest and Clinical Key™.ResultsThe search resulted in a total of 34 articles which were then analysed. This gave rise to the identification of four main dimensions of eating behaviour amongst Malaysian youth, namely: “general adequacy and frequency of consumption of food groups”; “consumption of specific food groups”; “eating disorders”; and “weight control.”ConclusionThe majority of the recent studies focused on the general adequacy and frequency of consumption of food groups studied using quantitative approaches across multi-ethnic target groups within the central region of Malaysia. This leaves room for more studies on the consumption of specific food groups, eating disorders and weight control that could be more ethnic-centric within other geographical areas within Malaysia. Many studies suggested the need to apply qualitative measures to investigate the contradictions arising from current research concerning the interplay between interpersonal, intrapersonal and environmental factors affecting eating behaviour amongst Malaysian youths.

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hypertension among Adolescents in Malaysia

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

A Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Model to Classify Hypertension in Adolescents Using Anthropometric Measurements: A Cross-Sectional Study in Sarawak, Malaysia

A Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Model to Classify Hypertension in Adolescents Using Anthropometric Measurements: A Cross-Sectional Study in Sarawak, Malaysia

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension among the Urban Population in Southeast Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Recent research patterns and factors influencing eating behaviour amongst Malaysian youths: a scoping review

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