Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Positivity among Women Receiving Antenatal Care at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital

Aheisibwe, Hillary; Mugisha, Julius; Ngonzi, Joseph; Kayondo, Musa; Ronald, Mayanja; Kanyesigye, Hamson; Salongo, Wasswa; Mark, Lugobe Henry; Migisha, Richard; Bakibinga, Pauline; Sezalio, Masembe; Kab,; Taseera, a

doi:10.35248/2329-891x.19.7.321

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In comparison to other studies done within Uganda, the prevalence reported in this study is comparable to infection levels reported at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital of 2.5% in 2018 13 and 3.12% in 2019. 6 The finding of our study is also comparable to 2.9% prevalence which was reported at Mulago Regional Referral Hospital. 5 This similarity may be because the same risk group was studied and the tests used to ascertain HBV infection were similar (i.e., rapid tests).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…We calculated a sample size of 384 participants based on a presumed 50% prevalence rate of HBV 6 using an allowable standard error of ±0.05 at 95% level of confidence. The study population included pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic during the study period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 5 The national prevalence of HBV infection among women attending antenatal care was 4.1% in the year 2018. 6 Studies done in Uganda around 2018 estimated the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care to be 2.9% (95% confidence interval: 1.58% – 5.40%) at Mulago National Referral Hospital in central Uganda, 5 11.8% at two hospitals in northern Uganda 7 and 3.1% at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in western Uganda. 6 Some risk factors for hepatitis B infection include tattooing or use of contaminated sharp instruments, reuse of needles, intravenous drug use, percutaneous as well as mucosal exposure to infected blood or any other body fluids such as saliva, vaginal or seminal fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B virus infection and HBeAg positivity among pregnant women in South West Uganda

Mugabiirwe¹,

Kalyetsi

Ayella³

et al. 2022

Afr. J. Lab. Med.

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Background: Hepatitis B virus is a public health burden in Uganda, yet little is known about its epidemiology in pregnancy.Objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence and associated risk factors of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at the Kyazanga Health Centre IV in Lwengo District, Uganda.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2021 to June 2021 and analysed qualitative data that were collected using a structured in-person questionnaire. Aseptically collected blood specimens were screened for hepatitis B virus infection using an immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic test kit. Participants who were positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were further screened for hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) using commercial rapid diagnostic test kits.Results: Out of 384 pregnant women studied, eight tested positive for HBsAg. This gave a prevalence of 2.1% (95% confidence interval: 1.0% – 4.1%); 5/8 (62.5%) were positive for HBeAg. None of the variables studied were significantly associated with HBsAg positivity among pregnant women.Conclusion: Hepatitis B viral infection is still a public health challenge in pregnant women with possible risk for vertical transmission to their babies in the study area. We recommend routine screening for hepatitis B virus in pregnancy in addition to strengthening current strategies aimed at controlling and preventing hepatitis B infection spread and transmission.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B virus infection and HBeAg positivity among pregnant women in South West Uganda

Mugabiirwe¹,

Kalyetsi

Ayella³

et al. 2022

Afr. J. Lab. Med.

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“…However, it can be transmitted from infected mothers to their newborns during pregnancy and delivery [15][16][17]. The latter is the commonest cause of the HBV infection [5,18] associated with insufficient knowledge about HBV among pregnant women and the absence of universal screening of all women attending antenatal care [5,19,20]. Many women infected with HBV during their pregnancy are at increased risk of transmitting hepatitis B infection to their unborn babies [6,11,21], with a 70-90% chance of perinatal acquisition and over 85-90% chance of becoming chronic carriers of the disease, the main reservoir for continued transmission of HBV [6,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Its Determinants among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alemu

Zeleke

Aynalem

et al. 2020

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an infectious and a global public health problem. The prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women is between 2.3% and 7.9%. HBV infection during pregnancy is associated with prenatal transmission to the fetus. HBV has an effective vaccine which reduces up to 96% of the transmission. Although different studies were conducted in Ethiopia, none of them showed the national prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the pooled prevalence of HBV and its associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for articles. All observational published studies were retrieved using relevant search terms in Google Scholar, African Online Journal, CINAHL, and PubMed databases. Newcastle-Ottawa assessment checklist for observational studies was used for critical appraisal of the included articles. The meta-analysis was done with STATA version 14 software. The I2 statistics were used to test heterogeneity whereas Begg’s and Egger’s tests were used to assess publication bias. Odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was presented using the forest plot. Results. A total of twenty-three studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HBV in Ethiopia was 4.75% (95% CI: 4.06, 5.44). The subgroup analysis showed a higher prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women in Gambella (7.9%) and the lowest in Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR) (2.3%). Associated factors with HBV infection include history of multiple sexual partner (OR=6.02 (95%CI=3.86, 9.36)), blood transfusion history (OR=5.71 (95%CI=3.25, 10.04)), abortion history (OR=3.58 (95%CI=2.10, 6.09)), and history of body tattoo (OR=2.83 (95%CI=1.55, 5.17)). Conclusions. HBV infection among pregnant women is a common public health problem in Ethiopia. Multiple sexual partners, abortion history, blood transfusion history, and body tattoo were significantly associated with HBV infection. Policies and strategies should focus on factors identified in this study to improve the prevention of HBV among pregnant women.

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“…When we see about the prevalence in different parts of Ethiopia, Italy, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital and Maranhão state Brazil indicated that there were moderate prevalence of HBV among pregnant mothers (Dessie town 4.9% [3], Bahir Dar city 3.8% [20], Arba Minch 4.3% [21], and 5.4% in public hospitals in Ethiopia [22], 2.4% [9], 3.12% [23] and 7.4% [1] respectively. In some parts of the world like Nepal (0.25%) [24] and Espírito Santo State, Brazil (1.1%) have lower prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude and Associated Risk Factor of HBV Virus Among Pregnant Mothers Attending Antenatal Care in Debre Tabor Referral Hospital; Northwest Ethiopia

Kassaw¹,

Amera²,

Azanaw³

2021

JCTR

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Background: Hepatitis is a contagious liver disease caused by Hepatitis B virus. When a pregnant mother infected, the Hepatitis B virus can stay in the body and Vertical transmit to baby and develop chronic liver disease. In regarding to this Neonatal immunization interrupts this vertical transmission and used to take preventive action. For that reason, this study was undertaken with the aim of determine the magnitude and predisposing factors of HBV infections among pregnant women. An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted 333 pregnant women attending ANC from September 2020 to November 2020 at Debre Tabor Referral Hospital antenatal care clinic. Appropriate sample was collected; serum separated and tested with ELISA test for the detection of HBsAg. Fishers exact test was employed to see the association between variables as well as Logistic regression were applied to identify potential risk factors (P-value < 0.05) was considered as statistically significant. A total of 333 pregnant women within 100% response rate; were enrolled in this study and the magnitude of HBV infections found to be were (22.2%). among the potential risk factors multiple sexual behavior (AOR 3.096), 95% CI=1.469-6.525, P-value=0.003), shaving habit (AOR 3.375, 95% CI=1.511-7.538, P-value=0.003), a history of needle stick injury (AOR 4.080, 95% CI=2.041-8.156, P-value=0.000), history of common usage of Sharpe materials (AOR 8.229,) and history of home delivery by traditional attendants were (AOR 1.557, 95% CI=0.621-3.899, P-value=0.000) were significantly associated with important predictors of hepatitis B infection. For that reason this study showed high endemicity of HBV infection among pregnant women. Multiple sexual practices, history of home delivery, needle stick injury, common usage of Sharpe materials and shaving habit were major factors for hepatitis B virus transmission. Thus, scaling up of screening pregnant women for HBV infection and provision of health education about risk factors and testing all pregnant mothers for hepatitis B virus should be a regular feature of the ANC service. Other community studies, as well as screening HBV antigen marker conducting, will play an important role in accurately determining the true spread of hepatitis B virus in the general population.

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Positivity among Women Receiving Antenatal Care at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Hepatitis B virus infection and HBeAg positivity among pregnant women in South West Uganda

Hepatitis B virus infection and HBeAg positivity among pregnant women in South West Uganda

Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Its Determinants among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Magnitude and Associated Risk Factor of HBV Virus Among Pregnant Mothers Attending Antenatal Care in Debre Tabor Referral Hospital; Northwest Ethiopia

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