Prevalence and etiology of midfacial fractures: A study of 799 cases

Zaleckas, Linas; Pečiulienė, Vytautė; Gendvilienė, Ieva; Pūrienė, Alina; Rimkuvienė, Jūratė

doi:10.1016/j.medici.2015.06.005

Cited by 22 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…3,11-13 A retrospective study from Lithuania observed interpersonal violence among patients with ages between 15 and 34 years to be the predominant cause of facial fractures in their population. 3 Zaleckas et al remarked on the increased incidence of facial trauma between April and October, on weekends and at night. In addition, 14% of patients were found to be under the influence of alcohol during the event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single-Center Review of Radiologically Diagnosed Maxillofacial Fractures: Etiology and Distribution

Halsey

Hoppe

Granick

et al. 2017

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction

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Maxillofacial injury represents a significant number of emergency room visits worldwide.1-4 Several studies have examined the trends and demographics associated with patients sustaining facial fractures. 2,3,5,6 The mechanism of injury, age, and sex distribution, and the types of bones cited as most commonly fractured have been shown to vary by region. 4,6-8Etiologies typically reported as most common are often motor vehicle accidents (MVA) or interpersonal violence. 3,9Males have been observed to sustain facial fractures more often than women, and the mechanism of injury often varies between the sexes. 5,6 In most studies, the nasal bones, mandible, orbit, and zygoma are cited as the most commonly fractured bones of the facial skeleton. The purpose of this paper is to examine the demographic characteristics, Keywords► facial fractures ► facial trauma ► urban trauma center ► assault cases ► motor vehicle accidents AbstractThe etiology of fractures of the maxillofacial skeleton varies among studies, with motor vehicle accidents and assaults oftentimes the most common. The number of males outnumbers females throughout most studies. Fractures of the zygoma, orbit, and mandible are usually cited as most common fracture types. This study examines a single center's experience with regards to etiology and distribution of fractures. A retrospective review of all radiologically confirmed facial fractures in a level 1 trauma center in an urban environment was performed for the years 2000 to 2012. Patient demographics, etiology of injury, and location of fractures were collected. During this time period, 2,998 patients were identified as having sustained a fracture of the facial skeleton. The average age was 36.9 years, with a strong male predominance (81.5%). The most common etiologies of injury were assault (44.9%) and motor vehicle accidents (14.9%). Throughout the study period, the number of fractures as a result of assault remained relatively constant, whereas the number as a result of motor vehicle accidents decreased slightly. The most common fracture observed was of the orbit, followed by mandible, nasal bones, zygoma, and frontal sinus. Patients sustaining a fracture as a result of assault were more likely to have a mandible fracture. Patients in motor vehicle accidents were more likely to suffer fractures of the maxilla, orbit, and frontal sinus. Mandible fractures are more common in cases of assault. Motor vehicle accidents convey a large force, which, when directed at the craniofacial skeleton, can cause a variety of fracture patterns. The decreasing number of fractures as a result of motor vehicle accidents may represent improved safety devices such as airbags.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single-Center Review of Radiologically Diagnosed Maxillofacial Fractures: Etiology and Distribution

Halsey

Hoppe

Granick

et al. 2017

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction

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“…Mean age of our study shows that the patients in third decade of life are the most affected age groups as some earlier reports in the last decade on midfacial fractures also show the patient of third decade of life with the mean of 33.16 ± 14.0 years. 2,8,9 A Road traffic accident being the most frequent cause of midface fractures is reported by several studies. 1,5,6 Present study supports the findings of these earlier studies showing that road traffic accidents represents 57.8% of all etiological factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior studies on midface fractures also showed the high percentage of zygomatic bone involvement. 2,10,11…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Fractures of Midfacial area may be isolated or together with other system injuries and their pattern is greatly influenced by age, gender, etiology and geographic location. 2 This results in severe morbidity, disfigurement and malfunctioning like sensory disturbance, malocclusion, ocular dysfunction etc. 1,13 Thereforemaxillofacial fractures are mainly considered and treated to reestablish the function and aesthetics according to the pattern of fracture and involvement of other adjacent structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 There are multiple causes of midface fractures including road traffic accidents, falls, violence and sports injuries. 2 To investigate this group of patients, this study was conducted to analyze the frequency, etiology and pattern of midface fractures at Baqai Dental College.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency, Etiology and Pattern of Midface Fractures

Azam¹,

Rana²,

Kaleem³

2018

J Pak Dent Assoc

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The study included 45 patients. After the confirmed diagnosis the patients were categorized on the basis of age, gender, etiology and type of fractures. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS statistical package. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients presented with midface fractures was 28.58±9.992 years. The study included 86.7% male and 13.3% female. The most common cause in the study was found to be road traffic accident (RTA) with 57.8%.As much as 62.3% of the fractures were zygomatic followed by other type of fractures. CONCLUSION: This study revealed the high predilection of male as compared to female. Also the main cause of the fractures was found to be road traffic accident. Whereas zygomatic fractures were the most common fractures with highest percentage. KEY WORDS: Midface fractures, Etiology, Zygomatic & frequency. HOW TO CITE: Azam J, Rana JS, Kaleem H. Frequency, etiology and pattern of midface fractures. J Pak Dent Assoc 2018;27(3):106-09.

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