Prevalence and economic impact of cystic echinococcosis and liver fluke infections in slaughtered sheep and goat in north-central Iran, 2008–2018

Najjari, Mohsen; Karimazar, Mohammadreza; Rezaeian, S.; Ebrahimipour, Mohammad; Faridi, Ashkan

doi:10.1007/s12639-019-01156-w

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Dicrocoeliasis was the second most prevalent parasite found in this study, which aligns with other abattoir-based surveys conducted in Iran [ 30 , 31 ]. It is believed that Dicrocoelium spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of zoonotic platyhelminthe infections identified in slaughtered livestock in Iran, 2015–2019

et al. 2021

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Background Platyhelminth infections of livestock can result in considerable economic losses. This study aims to evaluate the spatial frequency of cystic echinococcosis (CE), dicrocoeliasis, and fascioliasis in livestock slaughtered in Iran during the years 2015–2019 and estimate direct costs associated with organ condemnation due to these parasites. Methods Abattoir data from 413 abattoirs representing all 31 Iranian provinces were collected from the Iran Veterinary Organization. Infection prevalence was calculated per year at the province level. The Local Moran’s I statistic was performed to evaluate spatial autocorrelation of animals positive at slaughter for the years 2015–2019. Direct costs associated with condemned livers were calculated for each parasitic condition, with costs associated with condemned lungs also included for CE. Results Overall prevalence values for the study timeframe were as follows: sheep and goat fascioliasis 1.56% (95% CI: 1.56–1.56%), cattle fascioliasis 3.86% (95% CI: 3.85–3.88%), sheep and goat dicrocoeliasis 4.63% (95% CI: 4.62–4.63%), cattle dicrocoeliasis 3.08% (95% CI: 3.07–3.09%), sheep and goat CE 5.32% (95% CI: 5.32–5.33%), and cattle CE 7.26% (95% CI: 7.24–7.28%). Northwest Iran had the highest prevalence of CE and fascioliasis. High infection areas for Dicrocoelium spp. included the provinces of Zanjan, Gilan, Qazvin, and Tehran, which are located in northern Iran. Direct economic losses for sheep and goat fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$13,842,759, US$41,771,377, and US$22,801,054, respectively. Direct economic losses for cattle fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$1,989,200, US$1,668,986, and US$2,656,568, respectively. Conclusion Our findings provide valuable data for future monitoring of these important parasitic diseases in Iranian livestock. Disease control strategies are required to reduce the economic and public health impact of these platyhelminths.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of zoonotic platyhelminthe infections identified in slaughtered livestock in Iran, 2015–2019

et al. 2021

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“…Dicrocoeliasis was the second most prevalent parasite found in this study, which aligns with other abattoir-based surveys conducted in Iran [29,30]. It is believed that Dicrocoelium spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of Helminth Infections Identified in Slaughtered Livestock in Iran, 2015-2019

Kiani¹,

Budke²,

Abadi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Introduction: Helminth infections of livestock can result in considerable economic losses. This study aims to evaluate the spatial frequency of cystic echinococcosis (CE), dicrocoeliasis, and fascioliasis in livestock slaughtered in Iran during the years 2015-2019 and estimate direct costs associated with organ condemnation due to these parasites.Methods: Abattoir data from all 31 Iranian provinces were collected from the Iran Veterinary Organization. Infection prevalence was calculated per year at the province level. The Local Moran's I statistic was performed to evaluate spatial autocorrelation of animals positive at slaughter for the years 2015-2019. Direct costs associated with condemned livers were calculated for each parasitic condition. Results: Overall prevalence values for the study timeframe were as follows: sheep and goat fascioliasis (1.5%, 910,282/58,393,349), cattle fascioliasis (3.8%, 23,3175/6,038,419), sheep and goat dicrocoeliasis (4.6%; 270,1274/58,393,349), cattle dicrocoeliasis (3.1%; 186,009/6,038,419), sheep and goat CE (5.3%; 3,108,767/58,393,349), and cattle CE (7.2%; 438,534/6,038,419). Northwestern Iran had the highest prevalence of CE and fascioliasis. High infection areas for Dicrocoelium spp. included the provinces of Zanjan, Gilan, Qazvin, and Tehran, which are located in northern Iran. Direct economic losses for sheep and goat fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$13,841,826, US$41,768,472, and US$22,801,296, respectively. Direct economic losses for cattle fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$1,989,582, US$1,669,289, and US$2,656,535, respectively.Conclusion: Our findings provide valuable data for future monitoring of these important parasitic diseases in Iranian livestock. Disease control strategies are required to reduce the economic and public health impact of these helminths.

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“…In the present study, 381 liver samples and 6060 blood samples provide a valuable resource which can be used to describe aspects of the epidemiology of dicrocoeliosis in the Himalayan ranges of Pakistan. The estimated prevalence of dicroceliosis in sheep and goats in the Gilgit and Chitral districts was higher than reported incomparable Asian studies conducted in India [29], Iran [30], and Iraq [31]. While direct comparisons are biased by differences in study design, the relatively high prevalence confirms the widespread nature of ecological niches that can support the continuity of the Dicrocoelium life cycle in the northwest of Pakistan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Spatial Distribution of Dicrocoelium in the Himalayan Ranges: Potential Impacts of Ecological Niches and Climatic Variables

et al. 2022

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Purpose Dicrocoeliosis can be an important cause of production loss in ruminants due to the cost of liver condemnation at slaughter. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Dicrocoelium infection and to predict the ecological niches and climatic variables that support dicrocoeliosis in the Himalayan ranges of Pakistan. Methods and Results Dicrocoelium was detected in 33 of 381 liver samples and 238 of 6060 blood samples taken from sheep and goat herds in the area. The prevalence of dicrocoeliosis was higher in sheep than in goats and highest in females aged more than 3 years. An environmental risk map was created to predict active zones of transmission and showed the highest probability values in central parts of the Chitral district in the northwest of Pakistan. Climatic variables of the mean monthly diurnal temperature range (Bio2), annual precipitation (Bio12), and normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the presence of Dicrocoelium infection. Conclusion Together, the findings of this study demonstrate the most suitable ecological niches and climatic variables influencing the risk of dicrocoeliosis in the Himalayan ranges of Pakistan. The methods and results could be used as a reference to inform the control of dicrocoeliosis in the region.

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Prevalence and economic impact of cystic echinococcosis and liver fluke infections in slaughtered sheep and goat in north-central Iran, 2008–2018

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of zoonotic platyhelminthe infections identified in slaughtered livestock in Iran, 2015–2019

Evaluation of zoonotic platyhelminthe infections identified in slaughtered livestock in Iran, 2015–2019

Evaluation of Helminth Infections Identified in Slaughtered Livestock in Iran, 2015-2019

Spatial Distribution of Dicrocoelium in the Himalayan Ranges: Potential Impacts of Ecological Niches and Climatic Variables

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