Prevalence and distribution of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli lacking extended-spectrum  -lactamases

Jones, G.; Warren, Richard M.; Skidmore, Sue; Davies, Victor A. B.; Gibreel, Tarek M.; Upton, Mathew

doi:10.1093/jac/dkn406

Cited by 59 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…ST393 with CTX-M-14 and -15 had mostly been described in urinary isolates from Spain (1) and South Korea (18). ST405 with various types of CTX-Ms has a worldwide distribution (7,14,19,35), while ST648 with CTX-M-15 and -32 is present in poultry from Spain (8) and humans in China (44) and the Netherlands (41). ST405 and ST648 are also associated with NDM ␤-lactamases (11,21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology over an 11-Year Period (2000 to 2010) of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Causing Bacteremia in a Centralized Canadian Region

et al. 2012

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A study was designed to assess the importance of sequence types among extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates causing bacteremia over an 11-year period (2000 to 2010) in a centralized Canadian region. A total of 197 patients with incident infections were identified; the majority presented with community-onset urosepsis, with a significant increase in the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli during the later part of the study. The majority of E. coli isolates produced either CTX-M-15 or CTX-M-14. We identified 7 different major sequence types among 91% of isolates (i.e., the ST10 clonal complex, ST38, ST131, ST315, ST393, ST405, and ST648) and provided insight into their clinical and molecular characteristics. ST38 was the most antimicrobial-susceptible sequence type and predominated during 2000 to 2004 but disappeared after 2008. ST131 was the most antimicrobial-resistant sequence type, and the influx of a single pulsotype of this sequence type was responsible for the significant increase of ESBL-producing E. coli strains since 2007. During 2010, 49/63 (78%) of the ESBL-producing E. coli isolates belonged to ST131, and this sequence type had established itself as a major drug-resistant pathogen in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, posing an important new public health threat within our region. We urgently need well-designed epidemiological and molecular studies to understand the dynamics of transmission, risk factors, and reservoirs for E. coli ST131. This will provide insight into the emergence and spread of this multiresistant sequence type.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology over an 11-Year Period (2000 to 2010) of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Causing Bacteremia in a Centralized Canadian Region

et al. 2012

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“…Two narrow-spectrum ␤-lactamases, OXA-1 and TEM-1, have frequently been found in ST131 isolates, generally in association with CTX-M-15 enzymes, following plasmid transfer (see "Characterization of plasmids harbored by clinical isolates of E. coli ST131" above) (9,55,58,62,94,106). Another resistance gene, aac(6=)-Ibcr, which confers resistance to both aminoglycosides (amikacin and tobramycin) and ciprofloxacin, has frequently been detected in association with CTX-M-15 enzymes (9,19,(107)(108)(109)(110). Only a few studies in Spain and Portugal have reported the detection of qnr determinants, another plasmid-mediated mechanism of quinolone resistance in ST131 isolates (111)(112)(113).…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli ST131, an Intriguing Clonal Group

2014

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SUMMARY In 2008, a previously unknown Escherichia coli clonal group, sequence type 131 (ST131), was identified on three continents. Today, ST131 is the predominant E. coli lineage among extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) isolates worldwide. Retrospective studies have suggested that it may originally have risen to prominence as early as 2003. Unlike other classical group B2 ExPEC isolates, ST131 isolates are commonly reported to produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases, such as CTX-M-15, and almost all are resistant to fluoroquinolones. Moreover, ST131 E. coli isolates are considered to be truly pathogenic, due to the spectrum of infections they cause in both community and hospital settings and the large number of virulence-associated genes they contain. ST131 isolates therefore seem to contradict the widely held view that high levels of antimicrobial resistance are necessarily associated with a fitness cost leading to a decrease in pathogenesis. Six years after the first description of E. coli ST131, this review outlines the principal traits of ST131 clonal group isolates, based on the growing body of published data, and highlights what is currently known and what we need to find out to provide public health authorities with better information to help combat ST131.

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“…PCR conditions were: 5 min of denaturation at 95°C; 30 cycles of 95°C for 30 s, 57°C for 30 s, and 72°C for 50 s; and then 10 min of elongation at 72°C. All aac(6Ј)-Ib-positive isolates underwent digestion of the PCR product with FokI and NdeI (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA) to identify the aac(6Ј)-Ib-cr variant, which encodes a bifunctional aminoglycoside-fluoroquinolone modifying enzyme (27).…”

Section: Bacterial Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commonality among Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Sequence Type ST131 Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Isolates from Humans and Companion Animals in Australia

Platell

Cobbold

Johnson

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

112

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Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131), an emergent multidrug-resistant extraintestinal pathogen, has spread epidemically among humans and was recently isolated from companion animals. To assess for humancompanion animal commonality among ST131 isolates, 214 fluoroquinolone-resistant extraintestinal E. coli isolates (205 from humans, 9 from companion animals) from diagnostic laboratories in Australia, provisionally identified as ST131 by PCR, selectively underwent PCR-based O typing and bla CTX-M-15 detection. A subset then underwent multilocus sequence typing (MLST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis, extended virulence genotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and fluoroquinolone resistance genotyping. All isolates were O25b positive, except for two O16 isolates and one O157 isolate, which (along with six O25b-positive isolates) were confirmed by MLST to be ST131. Only 12% of isolates (25 human, 1 canine) exhibited bla CTX-M-15 . PFGE analysis of 20 randomly selected human and all 9 companion animal isolates showed multiple instances of >94% profile similarity across host species; 12 isolates (6 human, 6 companion animal) represented pulsotype 968, the most prevalent ST131 pulsotype in North America (representing 23% of a large ST131 reference collection). Virulence gene and antimicrobial resistance profiles differed minimally, without host species specificity. The analyzed ST131 isolates also exhibited a conserved, host species-independent pattern of chromosomal fluoroquinolone resistance mutations. However, eight (89%) companion animal isolates, versus two (10%) human isolates, possessed the plasmid-borne qnrB gene (P < 0.001). This extensive across-species strain commonality, plus the similarities between Australian and non-Australian ST131 isolates, suggest that ST131 isolates are exchanged between humans and companion animals both within Australia and intercontinentally.

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Prevalence and distribution of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli lacking extended-spectrum -lactamases

Cited by 59 publications

References 24 publications

Molecular Epidemiology over an 11-Year Period (2000 to 2010) of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Causing Bacteremia in a Centralized Canadian Region

Molecular Epidemiology over an 11-Year Period (2000 to 2010) of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Causing Bacteremia in a Centralized Canadian Region

Escherichia coli ST131, an Intriguing Clonal Group

Commonality among Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Sequence Type ST131 Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Isolates from Humans and Companion Animals in Australia

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